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\(\text{a) }\dfrac{a+b}{2}\ge\sqrt{ab}\left(1\right)\\ \Leftrightarrow\dfrac{a+b}{2}-\sqrt{ab}\ge0\\ \Leftrightarrow\dfrac{a+b}{2}-\dfrac{2\sqrt{ab}}{2}\ge0\\ \Leftrightarrow\dfrac{a+b-2\sqrt{ab}}{2}\ge0\\ \Leftrightarrow\dfrac{\left(\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}\right)^2}{2}\ge0\left(2\right)\)
BDT (2) luôn đúng \(\forall x\) nên BDT (1) luôn đúng \(\forall x\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi:
\(\dfrac{\left(\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}\right)^2}{2}=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\sqrt{a}=\sqrt{b}\\ \Leftrightarrow a=b\)
Vậy \(\dfrac{a+b}{2}\ge\sqrt{ab}\) đẳng thức xảy ra khi: \(a=b\)
b) Áp dụng BDT Cô-si có:
\(\dfrac{a+b}{2}\ge\sqrt{ab}\\ \dfrac{a+c}{2}\ge\sqrt{ac}\\ \dfrac{b+c}{2}\ge\sqrt{bc}\\ \Rightarrow\dfrac{a+b}{2}+\dfrac{a+c}{2}+\dfrac{b+c}{2}\ge\sqrt{ab}+\sqrt{ac}+\sqrt{bc}\\ \Rightarrow\dfrac{a+b+a+c+b+c}{2}\ge\sqrt{ab}+\sqrt{ac}+\sqrt{bc}\\ \Rightarrow a+b+c\ge\sqrt{ab}+\sqrt{ac}+\sqrt{bc}\)
Vậy \(a+b+c\ge\sqrt{ab}+\sqrt{ac}+\sqrt{bc}\) đẳng thức xảy ra khi : \(a=b=c\)
b) \(a+b+c\ge\sqrt{ab}+\sqrt{bc}+\sqrt{ca}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2\left(a+b+c\right)\ge2\sqrt{ab}+2\sqrt{bc}+2\sqrt{ca}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-2\sqrt{ab}+b\right)+\left(b-2\sqrt{bc}+c\right)+\left(c-2\sqrt{ca}+a\right)\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}\right)^2+\left(\sqrt{b}-\sqrt{c}\right)^2+\left(\sqrt{c}-\sqrt{a}\right)^2\ge0\)
Vì BĐT cuối luôn đúng mà các phép biến đổi trên là tương đương nên BĐT ban đầu luôn đúng
Dấu "=" \(\Leftrightarrow a=b=c\)
c) \(a+b+\frac{1}{2}\ge\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-\sqrt{a}+\frac{1}{4}\right)+\left(b-\sqrt{b}+\frac{1}{4}\right)\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\sqrt{a}-\frac{1}{2}\right)^2+\left(\sqrt{b}-\frac{1}{2}\right)^2\ge0\)
Vì bđt cuối luôn đúng mà các phép biến đôi trên là tương đương nên bđt ban đầu luôn đúng
Dấu "=" \(\Leftrightarrow a=b=\frac{1}{4}\)
a: \(\dfrac{5}{3\sqrt{8}}=\dfrac{5\sqrt{2}}{3\cdot4}=\dfrac{5\sqrt{2}}{12}\)
\(\dfrac{2}{\sqrt{b}}=\dfrac{2\sqrt{b}}{b}\)
b: \(\dfrac{5}{5-2\sqrt{3}}=\dfrac{25+10\sqrt{3}}{13}\)
\(\dfrac{2a}{1-\sqrt{a}}=\dfrac{2a\left(1+\sqrt{a}\right)}{1-a}\)
c: \(\dfrac{4}{\sqrt{7}+\sqrt{5}}=\dfrac{4\left(\sqrt{7}-\sqrt{5}\right)}{2}=2\sqrt{7}-2\sqrt{5}\)
\(\dfrac{6a}{2\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}}=\dfrac{6a\left(2\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}\right)}{4a-b}\)
a) \(\sqrt{4\left(a-3\right)^2}=\sqrt{2^2\left(a-3\right)^2}=2\sqrt{\left(a-3\right)^2}=2.\left|a-3\right|=2\left(a-3\right)=2a-6\) (Vì \(a\ge3\) )
b) \(\sqrt{9\left(b-2\right)^2}=\sqrt{3^2\left(b-2\right)^2}=3\sqrt{\left(b-2\right)^2}=3\left|b-2\right|=3\left(2-b\right)\)
\(=6-3b\) (vì b < 2 )
b) \(\sqrt{27.48\left(1-a\right)^2}=\sqrt{27.3.16.\left(1-a\right)^2}=\sqrt{81.16.\left(1-a\right)^2}\)
\(=\sqrt{9^2.4^2.\left(1-a\right)^2}=9.4\sqrt{\left(1-a\right)^2}=36.\left|1-a\right|=36\left(1-a\right)=36-36a\) (vì a > 1)
1) \(ab^4\sqrt{a}=\sqrt{\left(ab^4\right)^2a}=\sqrt{a^2b^8a}=\sqrt{a^3b^8}\)
2) \(-2ab^2\sqrt{5a}=-\sqrt{\left(-2ab^2\right)^25a}=\sqrt{4a^2b^45a}\)
\(\sqrt{20a^3b^4}\)
1.
\(a.\sqrt{6+2\sqrt{5}}+\sqrt{6-2\sqrt{5}}=\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{5}+1\right)^2}+\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{5}-1\right)^2}=\sqrt{5}+1+\sqrt{5}-1=2\sqrt{5}\)
\(b.\sqrt{3+2\sqrt{2}}+\sqrt{6-4\sqrt{2}}=\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{2}+1\right)^2}+\sqrt{\left(2-\sqrt{2}\right)^2}=\sqrt{2}+1+2-\sqrt{2}=3\)\(c.\sqrt{11+6\sqrt{2}}-\sqrt{11-6\sqrt{2}}=\sqrt{\left(3+\sqrt{2}\right)^2}-\sqrt{\left(3-\sqrt{2}\right)^2}=3+\sqrt{2}-3+\sqrt{2}=2\sqrt{2}\)
\(d.\sqrt{3+\sqrt{5}}-\sqrt{3-\sqrt{5}}=\dfrac{\sqrt{6+2\sqrt{5}}-\sqrt{6-2\sqrt{5}}}{\sqrt{2}}=\dfrac{\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{5}+1\right)^2}-\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{5}-1\right)^2}}{\sqrt{2}}=\dfrac{\sqrt{5}+1-\sqrt{5}+1}{\sqrt{2}}=\dfrac{2}{\sqrt{2}}=\sqrt{2}\)
2.
\(a.x-1=\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)\)
\(b.x+5\sqrt{x}+6=x+2\sqrt{x}+3\sqrt{x}+6=\sqrt{x}\left(\sqrt{x}+2\right)+3\left(\sqrt{x}+2\right)=\left(\sqrt{x}+2\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+3\right)\)( mạo danh sửa đề)
\(c.x-4=\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+2\right)\)
\(1a.\sqrt{6+2\sqrt{5}}+\sqrt{6-2\sqrt{5}}=\sqrt{5+2\sqrt{5}+1}+\sqrt{5-2\sqrt{5}+1}=\sqrt{5}+1+\sqrt{5}-1=2\sqrt{5}\)
\(b.\sqrt{3+2\sqrt{2}}+\sqrt{6-4\sqrt{2}}=\sqrt{2+2\sqrt{2}+1}+\sqrt{4-2.2\sqrt{2}+2}=\sqrt{2}+1+2-\sqrt{2}=3\)\(c.\sqrt{11+6\sqrt{2}}-\sqrt{11-6\sqrt{2}}=\sqrt{9+2.3\sqrt{2}+2}-\sqrt{9-2.3\sqrt{2}+2}=3+\sqrt{2}-3+\sqrt{2}=2\sqrt{2}\)\(d.\sqrt{3+\sqrt{5}}-\sqrt{3-\sqrt{5}}=\dfrac{\sqrt{6+2\sqrt{5}}-\sqrt{6-2\sqrt{5}}}{\sqrt{2}}=\dfrac{\sqrt{5+2\sqrt{5}+1}-\sqrt{5-2\sqrt{5}+1}}{\sqrt{2}}=\dfrac{\sqrt{5}+1-\sqrt{5}+1}{\sqrt{2}}=\sqrt{2}\)\(2a.x-1=\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)\)
\(b.x+5\sqrt{x}+6=x+2\sqrt{x}+3\sqrt{x}+6=\sqrt{x}\left(\sqrt{x}+2\right)+3\left(\sqrt{x}+2\right)=\left(\sqrt{x}+2\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+3\right)\)
\(c.x-4=\left(\sqrt{x}+2\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)\)
\(a.\dfrac{3\sqrt{2}-2\sqrt{3}}{\sqrt{3}-\sqrt{2}}-\dfrac{3}{3-\sqrt{6}}=\dfrac{\sqrt{6}\left(\sqrt{3}-\sqrt{2}\right)}{\sqrt{3}-\sqrt{2}}-\dfrac{\sqrt{3}.\sqrt{3}}{\sqrt{3}\left(\sqrt{3}-\sqrt{2}\right)}=\sqrt{6}-\dfrac{\sqrt{3}}{\sqrt{3}-\sqrt{2}}=\dfrac{3\sqrt{2}-3\sqrt{3}}{\sqrt{3}-\sqrt{2}}=\dfrac{-3\left(\sqrt{3}-\sqrt{2}\right)}{\sqrt{3}-\sqrt{2}}=-3\) \(b.\left(2\sqrt{2}-\sqrt{3}\right)^2-2\sqrt{3}\left(\sqrt{3}-2\sqrt{2}\right)=\left(2\sqrt{2}-\sqrt{3}\right)\left(2\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{3}\right)=8-3=5\) \(c.\left(\dfrac{1}{3-\sqrt{5}}-\dfrac{1}{3+\sqrt{5}}\right):\dfrac{5-\sqrt{5}}{\sqrt{5}-1}=\dfrac{3+\sqrt{5}-3+\sqrt{5}}{9-5}:\sqrt{5}=\dfrac{2\sqrt{5}}{4}.\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{5}}=\dfrac{\sqrt{5}}{2}.\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{5}}=\dfrac{1}{2}\) \(d.\left(3-\dfrac{a-2\sqrt{a}}{\sqrt{a}-2}\right)\left(3+\dfrac{\sqrt{ab}-3\sqrt{a}}{\sqrt{b}-3}\right)=\left(3-\sqrt{a}\right)\left(3+\sqrt{a}\right)=9-a\)
\(a,\sqrt{3^2.5}=\sqrt{45}\)
\(b,1,2\sqrt{5}=\sqrt{1,2^2}.\sqrt{5}=\sqrt{1,44.5}=\sqrt{7,2}\)
\(c,ab^4\sqrt{a}=\sqrt{a^2b^8a}=\sqrt{a^3b^8}\)