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a) \(x^3+2x^2+2x+1\)
\(=\left(x^3+x^2\right)+\left(x^2+2x+1\right)\)
\(=x^2\left(x+1\right)+\left(x+1\right)^2\)
\(=\left(x^2+x+1\right)\left(x+1\right)\)
b) \(x^3-4x^2+12x-27\)
\(=\left(x^3-27\right)-\left(4x^2-12x\right)\)
\(=\left(x-3\right)\left(x^2+3x+9\right)-4x.\left(x-3\right)\)
\(=\left(x-3\right).\left[\left(x^2+3x+9\right)-4x\right]\)
\(=\left(x-3\right).\left(x^2-x+9\right)\)
a) x2- 2x - 4y2 - 4y = (x2 - 2x + 1) - (4y2 + 4y + 1) = (x - 1)2 - (2y + 1)2 = (x - 1 - 2y - 1)(x - 1 + 2y + 1) = (x - 2y - 2)(x + 2y)
b) x3 - 4x2 + 12x - 27 = (x3 - 3x2) - (x2 - 3x) + (9x - 27) = x2(x - 3) - x(x - 3) + 9(x - 3) = (x2 - x + 9)(x - 3)
d) x4 - 2x3 + 2x - 1 = (x4 - 2x3 + x2) - (x2 - 2x + 1) = (x2 - x)2 - (x - 1)2 = (x2 - x - x + 1)(x2 - x + x - 1)
= (x2 - 2x + 1)(x2 - 1) = (x - 1)2(x - 1)(x + 1) = (x - 1)3(x + 1)
e) x4 + 2x3 - 4x - 4 = (x4 + 2x4 + x2) - (x2 + 4x + 4) = (x2 + x)2 - (x + 2)2 = (x2 + x - x - 2)(x2 + x + x + 2) = (x2 - 2)(x2 + 2x + 2)
a) x2 - 9 + (x - 3)2
= (x - 3)(x + 3) + (x - 3)2
= (x - 3)(x + 3 + x - 3)
= 2x(x - 3)
b) x3 - 4x2 + 4x - xy2
= x(x2 - 4x + 4 - y2)
= x\(\left [ (x - 2)^{2} - y^{2} \right ]\)
= x(x - 2 - y)(x - 2 + y)
c) x3 - 4x2 + 12x - 27
= x3 - 27 - 4x2 + 12x
= (x - 3)(x2 + 3x + 9) - 4x(x - 3)
= (x - 3)(x2 + 3x - 4x + 9)
= (x - 3)(x2 - x + 9)
a) x3 - 9x2 + 27x - 27 = -8
<=> x3 - 3x2.3 + 3x.32 - 33 = -8
<=> (x - 3)3 = -23
<=> x - 3 = -2
<=> x = 1 (T/m)
Vậy x = 1.
b) 64x3 + 48x2 + 12x + 1 = 27
<=> (4x)3 + 3.(4x)2.1 + 3.4x.12 + 13 = 27
<=> (4x + 1)3 = 33
<=> 4x + 1 = 3
<=> 4x = 2
<=> x = \(\frac{1}{2}\)(T/m)
Vậy x = \(\frac{1}{2}\).
\(x^3-9x^2+27x-27=-8\Leftrightarrow\left(x^3-27\right)-\left(9x^2-27x\right)=\left(x-3\right)\left(x^2+3x+9\right)-9x\left(x-3\right)=\left(x-3\right)\left(x^2-6x+9\right)=\left(x-3\right)^3=-8=\left(-2\right)^3\Rightarrow x=\left(-2\right)+3=1\)
\(64x^3+48x^2+12x+1=\left(64x^3+1\right)+\left(48x^2+12x\right)=\left(4x+1\right)\left(16x^2-4x+1\right)+12x\left(4x+1\right)=\left(4x+1\right)\left(16x^2+8x+1\right)=\left(4x+1\right)^3=27\Rightarrow4x=2\Leftrightarrow x=\frac{1}{2}\)
c) \(\left(2x-1\right)^3-4x^2.\left(2x-3\right)=5\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(8x^3-12x^2+6x-1\right)-\left(8x^3-12x^2\right)=5\)
\(\Leftrightarrow8x^3-12x^2+6x-1-8x^3+12x^2=5\)
\(\Leftrightarrow6x-1=5\)
\(\Leftrightarrow6x=6\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=1\)
d) \(\left(x+4\right)^3-x^2.\left(x+12\right)=16\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^3+12x^2+48x+64\right)-\left(x^3+12x^2\right)=16\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^3+12x^2+48x+64-x^3-12x^2=16\)
\(\Leftrightarrow48x+64=16\)
\(\Leftrightarrow48x=-48\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=-1\)
#vì câu a,b có người làm rồi nên mình chỉ làm c,d thôi nhé ! :)
Học Tốt !!