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a) xy(x + y) + yz(y + z) + xz(z + x) + 3xyz
= xy(X + y + z) + yz(x + y + z) + xz(X + y + z)
= (x + y +z)(xy + yz+ xz)
b) xy(x + y) - yz(y + z) - xz(z - x)
= x2y + xy2 - y2z - yz2 - xz2 + x2z
= x2(y + z) - yz(y + z) + x(y2 - z2)
= x2(y + z) - yz(y + z) + x(y + z)(y - z)
= (y + z)(x2 - yz + xy - xz)
= (y + z)[x(x + y) - z(x + y)]
= (y + z)(x + y)(x - z)
c) x(y2 - z2) + y(z2 - x2) + z(x2 - y2)
= x(y - z)(y + z) + yz2 - yx2 + x2z - y2z
= x(y - z)(y + z) - yz(y - z) - x2(y - z)
= (y - z)((xy + xz - yz - x2)
= (y - z)[x(y - x) - z(y - x)]
= (y - z)(x - z)(y -x)
Phân tích đến đây rồi ạ :
\(2xy+2yz+2zx=2x^2+2y^2+2z^2\)
Từ cái này suy ra được đpcm hay cần thêm bước nào nữa k ạ ?
\(VT=2x^2+2y^2+2z^2-2xy-2yz-2zx=2\left(x^2+y^2+z^2-xy-yz-zx\right)\)\(VT=VP\Leftrightarrow2\left(x^2+y^2+z^2-2xy-2yz-2zx\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2+y^2+z^2-xy-yz-zx=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2+y^2+z^2=xy+yz+zx\)
Mà \(x^2+y^2+z^2\ge xy+yz+zx\)(tự c/m)
(Dấu "="\(\Leftrightarrow x=y=z\))
=> đpcm
d)
\(\dfrac{1}{x\left(x+1\right)}+\dfrac{1}{\left(x+1\right)\left(x+2\right)}+\dfrac{1}{\left(x+2\right)\left(x+3\right)}+.....+\dfrac{1}{\left(x+99\right)\left(x+100\right)}\)=\(\dfrac{1}{x}-\dfrac{1}{x+1}+\dfrac{1}{x+1}-\dfrac{1}{x+2}+\dfrac{1}{x+2}-\dfrac{1}{x+3}+.....-\dfrac{1}{x+99}+\dfrac{1}{x+100}\)=\(\dfrac{1}{x}-\dfrac{1}{x+100}\)
=\(\dfrac{x+100}{x\left(x+100\right)}-\dfrac{x}{x\left(x+100\right)}\)
=\(\dfrac{x+100-x}{x\left(x+100\right)}=\dfrac{100}{x\left(x+100\right)}\)
Đẳng thức ban đầu \(\Leftrightarrow2x^2+2y^2+2z^2-2xy-2yz-2zx=4x^2+4y^2+4z^2-4xy-4yz-4zx\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2x^2+2y^2+2z^2-2xy-2yz-2zx=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-y\right)^2+\left(y-z\right)^2+\left(z-x\right)^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=y=z\)
Xét tích : \(\left[x^2\left(z-y\right)+y^2\left(x-z\right)+z^2\left(y-x\right)\right]\left(x+y+z\right)\)
=\(x^3\left(z-y\right)+x^2\left(z-y\right)\left(z+y\right)+y^3\left(x-z\right)+y^2\left(x-z\right)\left(x+z\right)\)
\(+z^3\left(y-x\right)+z^2\left(y-x\right)\left(y+x\right)\)
\(=x^3\left(z-y\right)+y^3\left(x-z\right)+z^3\left(y-x\right)+x^2\left(z^2-y^2\right)+y^2\left(x^2-z^2\right)+z^2\left(y^2-x^2\right)\)
\(=x^3\left(z-y\right)+y^3\left(x-z\right)+z^3\left(y-x\right)+x^2z^2-x^2y^2+y^2x^2-y^2z^2+z^2y^2-z^2x^2\)
\(=x^3\left(z-y\right)+y^3\left(x-z\right)+z^3\left(y-x\right)\)
Như vậy:
\(\left[x^2\left(z-y\right)+y^2\left(x-z\right)+z^2\left(y-x\right)\right]\left(x+y+z\right)\)\(=x^3\left(z-y\right)+y^3\left(x-z\right)+z^3\left(y-x\right)\)
<=> \(\frac{x^3\left(z-y\right)+y^3\left(x-z\right)+z^3\left(y-x\right)}{x^2\left(z-y\right)+y^2\left(x-z\right)+z^2\left(y-x\right)}=x+y+z\)
Ta có: \(\frac{\frac{x^2\left(z-y\right)}{yz}+\frac{y^2\left(x-z\right)}{xz}+\frac{z^2\left(y-x\right)}{xy}}{\frac{x\left(z-y\right)}{yz}+\frac{y\left(x-z\right)}{xz}+\frac{z\left(y-x\right)}{xy}}\)
\(=\frac{\frac{x^3\left(z-y\right)}{xyz}+\frac{y^3\left(x-z\right)}{xyz}+\frac{z^3\left(y-x\right)}{xyz}}{\frac{x^2\left(z-y\right)}{xyz}+\frac{y^2\left(x-z\right)}{xyz}+\frac{z^2\left(y-x\right)}{xyz}}\)
\(=\frac{x^3\left(z-y\right)+y^3\left(x-z\right)+z^3\left(y-x\right)}{x^2\left(z-y\right)+y^2\left(x-z\right)+z^2\left(y-x\right)}=x+y+z\)
\(\frac{x^2-yz}{\left(x+y\right)\left(x+z\right)}=\frac{x^2+xy}{\left(x+y\right)\left(x+z\right)}-\frac{xy+yz}{\left(x+y\right)\left(x+z\right)}=\frac{x}{x+z}-\frac{y}{x+y}\)
Tương tự:\(\frac{y^2-zx}{\left(y+z\right)\left(y+x\right)}=\frac{y}{x+y}-\frac{z}{y+z};\frac{z^2-xy}{\left(z+x\right)\left(z+y\right)}=\frac{z}{z+y}-\frac{x}{z+x}\)
Khi đó:
\(\frac{x^2-yz}{\left(x+y\right)\left(x+z\right)}+\frac{y^2-zx}{\left(y+z\right)\left(y+x\right)}+\frac{z^2-xy}{\left(z+x\right)\left(z+y\right)}=0\)