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Ta có : A = \(\frac{10^{2020}+1}{10^{2021}+1}\)
=> 10A = \(\frac{10^{2021}+10}{10^{2021}+1}=1+\frac{9}{10^{2021}+1}\)
Lại có : \(B=\frac{10^{2021}+1}{10^{2022}+1}\)
=> \(10B=\frac{10^{2022}+10}{10^{2022}+1}=1+\frac{9}{10^{2022}+1}\)
Vì \(\frac{9}{10^{2022}+1}< \frac{9}{10^{2021}+1}\)
=> \(1+\frac{9}{10^{2022}+1}< 1+\frac{9}{10^{2022}+1}\)
=> 10B < 10A
=> B < A
b) Ta có : \(\frac{2019}{2020+2021}< \frac{2019}{2020}\)
Lại có : \(\frac{2020}{2020+2021}< \frac{2020}{2021}\)
=> \(\frac{2019}{2020+2021}+\frac{2020}{2020+2021}< \frac{2019}{2020}+\frac{2020}{2021}\)
=> \(\frac{2019+2020}{2020+2021}< \frac{2019}{2020}+\frac{2020}{2021}\)
=> B < A
Ta có: \(\frac{2022}{2021^2+k}\le\frac{2022}{2021^2}\) (với \(k\)là số tự nhiên bất kì)
Ta có:
\(A=\frac{2022}{2021^2+1}+\frac{2022}{2021^2+2}+...+\frac{2022}{2021^2+2021}\)
\(\le\frac{2022}{2021^2}+\frac{2022}{2021^2}+...+\frac{2022}{2021^2}=\frac{2022}{2021^2}.2021=\frac{2022}{2021}\)
Ta có: \(\frac{2022}{2021^2+k}>\frac{2022}{2021^2+2021}=\frac{2022}{2021.2022}=\frac{1}{2021}\)với \(k\)tự nhiên, \(k< 2021\))
Suy ra \(A=\frac{2022}{2021^2+1}+\frac{2022}{2021^2+2}+...+\frac{2022}{2021^2+2021}\)
\(>\frac{1}{2021}+\frac{1}{2021}+...+\frac{1}{2021}=\frac{2021}{2021}=1\)
Suy ra \(1< A\le\frac{2022}{2021}\)do đó \(A\)không phải là số tự nhiên.
Ta có: \(\frac{2022}{2021^2+k}\le\frac{2022}{2021^2}\) (với \(k\)là số tự nhiên bất kì)
Ta có:
\(A=\frac{2022}{2021^2+1}+\frac{2022}{2021^2+2}+...+\frac{2022}{2021^2+2021}\)
\(\le\frac{2022}{2021^2}+\frac{2022}{2021^2}+...+\frac{2022}{2021^2}=\frac{2022}{2021^2}.2021=\frac{2022}{2021}\)
Ta có: \(\frac{2022}{2021^2+k}>\frac{2022}{2021^2+2021}=\frac{2022}{2021.2022}=\frac{1}{2021}\)với \(k\)tự nhiên, \(k< 2021\))
Suy ra \(A=\frac{2022}{2021^2+1}+\frac{2022}{2021^2+2}+...+\frac{2022}{2021^2+2021}\)
\(>\frac{1}{2021}+\frac{1}{2021}+...+\frac{1}{2021}=\frac{2021}{2021}=1\)
Suy ra \(1< A\le\frac{2022}{2021}\)do đó \(A\)không phải là số tự nhiên.
Ta có: \(\frac{2022}{2021^2+k}\le\frac{2022}{2021^2}\) (với \(k\)là số tự nhiên bất kì)
Ta có:
\(A=\frac{2022}{2021^2+1}+\frac{2022}{2021^2+2}+...+\frac{2022}{2021^2+2021}\)
\(\le\frac{2022}{2021^2}+\frac{2022}{2021^2}+...+\frac{2022}{2021^2}=\frac{2022}{2021^2}.2021=\frac{2022}{2021}\)
Ta có: \(\frac{2022}{2021^2+k}>\frac{2022}{2021^2+2021}=\frac{2022}{2021.2022}=\frac{1}{2021}\)với \(k\)tự nhiên, \(k< 2021\))
Suy ra \(A=\frac{2022}{2021^2+1}+\frac{2022}{2021^2+2}+...+\frac{2022}{2021^2+2021}\)
\(>\frac{1}{2021}+\frac{1}{2021}+...+\frac{1}{2021}=\frac{2021}{2021}=1\)
Suy ra \(1< A\le\frac{2022}{2021}\)do đó \(A\)không phải là số tự nhiên.
\(x-2019+\frac{x-2020}{2}=\frac{x-2021}{3}+\frac{x-2022}{4}\)
\(\Rightarrow x-2019+1+\frac{x-2020}{2}+1=\frac{x-2021}{3}+1+\frac{x-2022}{4}+1\)
\(\Rightarrow x-2018+\frac{x-2020+2}{2}=\frac{x-2021+3}{3}+\frac{x-2022+4}{4}\)
\(\Rightarrow x-2018+\frac{x-2018}{2}-\frac{x-2018}{3}-\frac{x-2018}{4}=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(x-2018\right)\left(1-\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{3}-\frac{1}{4}\right)=0\)
\(\Rightarrow-\frac{1}{12}\left(x-2018\right)=0\Leftrightarrow x=2018\)
Bài làm :
Ta có :
\(x-2019+\frac{x-2020}{2}=\frac{x-2021}{3}+\frac{x-2022}{4}\)
\(\Rightarrow x-2019+1+\frac{x-2020}{2}+1=\frac{x-2021}{3}+1+\frac{x-2022}{4}+1\)
\(\Rightarrow x-2018+\frac{x-2020+2}{2}=\frac{x-2021+3}{3}+\frac{x-2022+4}{4}\)
\(\Rightarrow x-2018+\frac{x-2018}{2}-\frac{x-2018}{3}-\frac{x-2018}{4}=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(x-2018\right)\left(1-\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{3}-\frac{1}{4}\right)=0\)
\(\text{Vì : }\left(1-\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{3}-\frac{1}{4}\right)\ne0\Rightarrow x-2018=0\)
\(\Rightarrow x=2018\)
Vậy x=2018
\(T=\dfrac{1}{2^1}+\dfrac{2}{2^2}+...+\dfrac{2021}{2^{2021}}+\dfrac{2022}{2^{2022}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2T=1+\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{3}{2^2}...+\dfrac{2020}{2^{2019}}+\dfrac{2021}{2^{2020}}+\dfrac{2022}{2^{2021}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2T-T=\left(1+\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{3}{2^2}...+\dfrac{2020}{2^{2019}}+\dfrac{2021}{2^{2020}}+\dfrac{2022}{2^{2021}}\right)-\left(\dfrac{1}{2^1}+\dfrac{2}{2^2}+...+\dfrac{2021}{2^{2021}}+\dfrac{2022}{2^{2022}}\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow T=1+\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{3}{2^2}...+\dfrac{2020}{2^{2019}}+\dfrac{2021}{2^{2020}}+\dfrac{2022}{2^{2021}}-\dfrac{1}{2^1}-\dfrac{2}{2^2}-...-\dfrac{2021}{2^{2021}}-\dfrac{2022}{2^{2022}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow T=1+\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{2^2}+\dfrac{1}{2^3}+...+\dfrac{1}{2^{2021}}-\dfrac{2022}{2^{2022}}\)
Đặt \(M=\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{2^2}+\dfrac{1}{2^3}+...+\dfrac{1}{2^{2021}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2M=1+\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{2^2}+...+\dfrac{1}{2^{2020}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2M-M=\left(1+\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{2^2}+...+\dfrac{1}{2^{2020}}\right)-\left(\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{2^2}+\dfrac{1}{2^3}+...+\dfrac{1}{2^{2021}}\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow M=1-\dfrac{1}{2^{2021}}\)
Khi đó: \(T=1+M-\dfrac{2022}{2^{2022}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow T=1+1-\dfrac{1}{2^{2021}}-\dfrac{2022}{2^{2022}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow T=2-\left(\dfrac{1}{2^{2021}}+\dfrac{2022}{2^{2022}}\right)\)
\(Do\left(\dfrac{1}{2^{2021}}+\dfrac{2022}{2^{2022}}\right)>0\) \(nên\) \(suy\) \(ra\) \(T=2-\left(\dfrac{1}{2^{2021}}+\dfrac{2022}{2^{2022}}\right)< 2\)
Vậy \(T< 2\) (\(ĐPCM\))