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Ý 3 bạn bỏ dòng áp dụng....ta có nhé
\(a^2+b^2+c^2+d^2\ge a\left(b+c+d\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\frac{a^2}{4}-2.\frac{a}{2}b+b^2\right)+\left(\frac{a^2}{4}-2.\frac{a}{2}c+c^2\right)+\)\(\left(\frac{a^2}{4}-2.\frac{a}{d}d+d^2\right)+\frac{a^2}{4}\ge0\forall a;b;c;d\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\frac{a}{2}-b\right)+\left(\frac{a}{2}-c\right)+\)\(\left(\frac{a}{2}-d\right)^2+\frac{a^2}{4}\ge0\forall a;b;c;d\)( luôn đúng )
Dấu " = " xảy ra <=> a=b=c=d=0
6) Sai đề
Sửa thành:\(x^2-4x+5>0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-2\right)^2+1>0\)
7) Áp dụng BĐT AM-GM ta có:
\(a+b\ge2.\sqrt{ab}\)
Dấu " = " xảy ra <=> a=b
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{ab}{a+b}\le\frac{ab}{2.\sqrt{ab}}=\frac{\sqrt{ab}}{2}\)
Chứng minh tương tự ta có:
\(\frac{cb}{c+b}\le\frac{cb}{2.\sqrt{cb}}=\frac{\sqrt{cb}}{2}\)
\(\frac{ca}{c+a}\le\frac{ca}{2.\sqrt{ca}}=\frac{\sqrt{ca}}{2}\)
Dấu " = " xảy ra <=> a=b=c
Cộng vế với vế của các BĐT trên ta có:
\(\frac{ab}{a+b}+\frac{bc}{b+c}+\frac{ca}{c+a}\le\frac{\sqrt{ab}+\sqrt{bc}+\sqrt{ca}}{2}\)
Áp dụng BĐT AM-GM ta có:
\(\frac{ab}{a+b}+\frac{bc}{b+c}+\frac{ca}{c+a}\le\frac{\sqrt{ab}+\sqrt{bc}+\sqrt{ca}}{2}\le\frac{\frac{a+b}{2}+\frac{b+c}{2}+\frac{c+a}{2}}{2}=\frac{2\left(a+b+c\right)}{4}=\frac{a+b+c}{2}\)
Dấu " = " xảy ra <=> a=b=c
1)\(x^3+y^3\ge x^2y+xy^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y\right)\left(x^2-xy+y^2\right)\ge xy\left(x+y\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2-xy+y^2\ge xy\) ( vì x;y\(\ge0\))
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2-2xy+y^2\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-y\right)^2\ge0\) (luôn đúng )
\(\Rightarrow x^3+y^3\ge x^2y+xy^2\)
Dấu " = " xảy ra <=> x=y
2) \(x^4+y^4\ge x^3y+xy^3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^4-x^3y+y^4-xy^3\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^3\left(x-y\right)-y^3\left(x-y\right)\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-y\right)^2\left(x^2+xy+y^2\right)\ge0\)( luôn đúng )
Dấu " = " xảy ra <=> x=y
3) Áp dụng BĐT AM-GM ta có:
\(\left(a-1\right)^2\ge0\forall a\Leftrightarrow a^2-2a+1\ge0\)\(\forall a\Leftrightarrow\frac{a^2}{2}+\frac{1}{2}\ge a\forall a\)
\(\left(b-1\right)^2\ge0\forall b\Leftrightarrow b^2-2b+1\ge0\)\(\forall b\Leftrightarrow\frac{b^2}{2}+\frac{1}{2}\ge b\forall b\)
\(\left(a-b\right)^2\ge0\forall a;b\Leftrightarrow a^2-2ab+b^2\ge0\)\(\forall a;b\Leftrightarrow\frac{a^2}{2}+\frac{b^2}{2}\ge ab\forall a;b\)
Cộng vế với vế của các bất đẳng thức trên ta được:
\(a^2+b^2+1\ge ab+a+b\)
Dấu " = " xảy ra <=> a=b=1
4) \(a^2+b^2+c^2+\frac{3}{4}\ge a+b+c\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[a^2-2.a.\frac{1}{2}+\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)^2\right]\)\(+\left[b^2-2.b.\frac{1}{2}+\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)^2\right]\)\(+\left[c^2-2.c.\frac{1}{2}+\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)^2\right]\ge0\forall a;b;c\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-\frac{1}{2}\right)^2\)\(+\left(b-\frac{1}{2}\right)^2\)\(+\left(c-\frac{1}{2}\right)^2\ge0\forall a;b;c\)( luôn đúng)
Dấu " = " xảy ra <=> a=b=c=1/2
c) Ta có a + b > 1 > 0 (1)
Bình phương 2 vế: \(\left(a+b\right)^2>1\) \(\Leftrightarrow\) \(a^2+2ab+b^2>1\) (2)
Mặt khác \(\left(a-b\right)^2\ge0\) \(\Rightarrow\) \(a^2-2ab+b^2\ge0\) (3)
Cộng từng vế của (2) và (3): \(2\left(a^2+b^2\right)>1\) \(\Rightarrow\) \(a^2+b^2>\frac{1}{2}\) (4)
Bình phương 2 vế của (4): \(a^4+2a^2b^2+b^4>\frac{1}{4}\) (5)
Mặt khác \(\left(a^2-b^2\right)^2\ge0\) \(\Rightarrow\) \(a^4-2a^2b^2+b^4\ge0\) (6)
Cộng từng vế của (5) và (6): \(2\left(a^4+b^4\right)>\frac{1}{4}\) \(\Rightarrow\) \(a^4+b^4>\frac{1}{8}\) (đpcm).
1/ Áp dụng hẳng đẳng thức \(\left(a-b\right)\left(a+b\right)=a^2-b^2\) là ra bạn nhé
\(A=\left[\left(3^2-1\right)\left(3^2+1\right)\right]\left(3^4+1\right)\left(3^8+1\right)\left(3^{16}+1\right)\left(3^{32}+1\right)\)
\(=\left[\left(3^4-1\right)\left(3^4+1\right)\right]\left(3^8+1\right)\left(3^{16}+1\right)\left(3^{32}+1\right)\)
\(=\left[\left(3^8-1\right)\left(3^8+1\right)\right]\left(3^{16}+1\right)\left(3^{32}+1\right)\)
\(=\left[\left(3^{16}-1\right)\left(3^{16}+1\right)\right]\left(3^{32}+1\right)\)
\(=\left(3^{32}-1\right)\left(3^{32}+1\right)\)
\(=3^{64}-1\)
\(1,\left(x+y\right)\left(x^2-xy+y^2\right)\ge xy\left(x+y\right)\Leftrightarrow x^2-2xy+y^2\ge0\))
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y\right)^2\ge o\)
b) Ta có: \(2\left(x^2+y^2\right)\ge\left(x+y\right)^2\)
\(2x^2+2y^2-x^2-2xy-y^2\ge0\)
\(x^2-2xy+y^2\ge0\)
\(\left(x-y\right)^2\ge0\) luôn đúng \(\forall x;y\)
Vậy \(2\left(x^2+y^2\right)\ge\left(x+y\right)^2\left(đpcm\right)\)
Bài 1 :
\(A=\left(x-1\right)\left(x+2\right)\left(x+3\right)\left(x+6\right)\)
\(=\left(x-1\right)\left(x+6\right)\left(x+2\right)\left(x+3\right)\)
\(=\left(x^2+5x-6\right)\left(x^2+5x+6\right)\)
\(=\left(x^2+5x\right)^2-36\ge-36\)
Vậy \(MIN_A=-36\) . Dấu \("="\) xảy ra khi \(x^2+5x=0\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=0\\x=-5\end{matrix}\right.\)
Bài 2 :
a ) \(x+y=5\Rightarrow\left(x+y\right)^2=25\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2+2xy+y^2=25\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2+y^2=25-2.6=13\)
\(B=x^2-4x+1\)
\(B=x^2-4x+4-3\)
\(B=\left(x-2\right)^2-3\ge-3\)
"="<=>x=2
\(C=\dfrac{-4}{x^2-4x+10}\)
Ta có:\(x^2-4x+10=x^2-4x+4+6=\left(x-2\right)^2+6\ge6\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{-4}{x^2-4x+10}\ge-\dfrac{4}{6}=-\dfrac{2}{3}\)
"="<=>x=2
D\(\ge-\dfrac{8}{3}\)<=>x=0,5(tương tự)
a)
\(a^2+b^2+c^2+d^2+m^2-a(b+c+d+m)\)
\(=\frac{4a^2+4b^2+4c^2+4d^2+4m^2-4a(b+c+d+m)}{4}\)
\(=\frac{(a^2+4b^2-4ab)+(a^2+4c^2-4ac)+(a^2+4d^2-4ad)+(a^2+4m^2-4am)}{4}\)
\(=\frac{(a-2b)^2+(a-2c)^2+(a-2d)^2+(a-2m)^2}{4}\geq 0\) (đpcm)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=2b=2c=2d=2m\)
b)
Xét hiệu
\(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}-\frac{4}{x+y}=\frac{x+y}{xy}-\frac{4}{x+y}=\frac{(x+y)^2-4xy}{xy(x+y)}\)
\(=\frac{x^2+y^2-2xy}{xy(x+y)}=\frac{(x-y)^2}{xy(x+y)}\geq 0, \forall x,y>0\)
\(\Rightarrow \frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}\geq \frac{4}{x+y}\) (đpcm)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi $x=y$
c)
Xét hiệu:
\((a^2+c^2)(b^2+d^2)-(ab+cd)^2\)
\(=(a^2b^2+a^2d^2+c^2b^2+c^2d^2)-(a^2b^2+2abcd+c^2d^2)\)
\(=a^2d^2-2abcd+b^2c^2=(ad-bc)^2\geq 0\)
\(\Rightarrow (a^2+c^2)(b^2+d^2)\geq (ab+cd)^2\) (đpcm)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(ad=bc\)
d)
Xét hiệu:
\(a^2+b^2-(a+b-\frac{1}{2})=a^2+b^2-a-b+\frac{1}{2}\)
\(=(a^2-a+\frac{1}{4})+(b^2-b+\frac{1}{4})\)
\(=(a-\frac{1}{2})^2+(b-\frac{1}{2})^2\geq 0\)
\(\Rightarrow a^2+b^2\geq a+b-\frac{1}{2}\) (đpcm)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=\frac{1}{2}\)
\(x^2+y^2+1\ge xy+x+y\\ \Leftrightarrow2x^2+2x^2+2\ge2xy+2y+2y\\ \Leftrightarrow2x^2+2y^2+2-2xy-2x-2y\ge0\\ \Leftrightarrow x^2+x^2+y^2+y^2+1+1-2xy-2x-2y\ge0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(x^2-2xy+y^2\right)+\left(x^2-2x+1\right)+\left(y^2-2y+1\right)\ge0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(x-y\right)^2+\left(x-1\right)^2+\left(y-1\right)^2\ge0\left(true\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow x^2+y^2+1\ge xy+x+y\) luôn đúng với mọi x;y
\(x^2+y^2+1\ge xy+x+y\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2\left(x^2+y^2+1\right)\ge2\left(xy+x+y\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2-2xy+y^2+y^2-2y+1+x^2-2x+1\ge0\)\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-y\right)^2-\left(y-1\right)^2-\left(x-1\right)^2\ge0\)
Đúng với mọi x , y
Đẳng thức xảy ra khi \(\left[{}\begin{matrix}\left(x-y\right)^2=0\\\left(y-1\right)^2=0\\\left(x-1\right)^2=0\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x-y=0\\y-1=0\\x-1=0\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=y\\y=1\\x=1\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow x=y=1\)
b, \(A=\dfrac{x-2}{x^3-x^2-x-2}=\dfrac{x-2}{x^3-2x^2+x^2-2x+x-2}\)
\(=\dfrac{x-2}{x^2\left(x-2\right)+x\left(x-2\right)+\left(x-2\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{x-2}{\left(x^2+x+1\right)\left(x-2\right)}=\dfrac{1}{x^2+x+1}\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{x^2+2x.\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{4}+\dfrac{3}{4}}=\dfrac{1}{\left(x+\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2+\dfrac{3}{4}}\)
Ta có: \(\left(x+\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2+\dfrac{3}{4}\ge\dfrac{3}{4}\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{\left(x+\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2+\dfrac{3}{4}}\le\dfrac{4}{3}\)
Dấu " = " xảy ra khi \(\left(x+\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2=0\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{-1}{2}\)
Vậy \(MAX_A=\dfrac{4}{3}\) khi \(x=\dfrac{-1}{2}\)