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Câu 2:
a: \(=\sqrt{\left(37-35\right)\left(37+35\right)}=\sqrt{72\cdot2}=12\)
b: \(=\sqrt{\left(65-63\right)\left(65+63\right)}=\sqrt{128\cdot2}=16\)
c: \(=\sqrt{\left(221-220\right)\left(221+220\right)}=\sqrt{441}=21\)
d: \(=\sqrt{\left(117-108\right)\left(117+108\right)}=\sqrt{225\cdot9}=3\cdot15=45\)
\(x^2-4x\sqrt{3}+12=0\Leftrightarrow x^2-2\cdot2\sqrt{3}+\left(2\sqrt{3}\right)^2=0\)\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-2\sqrt{3}\right)^2=0\Leftrightarrow x=2\sqrt{3}\)
a) Ta có: \(M=\left(\dfrac{\sqrt{x}-3}{\sqrt{x}-2}-\dfrac{\sqrt{x}+1}{\sqrt{x}+3}\right)\cdot\dfrac{x+3\sqrt{x}}{7-\sqrt{x}}\)
\(=\left(\dfrac{\left(\sqrt{x}-3\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+3\right)}{\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+3\right)}-\dfrac{\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)}{\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+3\right)}\right)\cdot\dfrac{\sqrt{x}\left(\sqrt{x}+3\right)}{7-\sqrt{x}}\)
\(=\dfrac{x-9-\left(x-2\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{x}-2\right)}{\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+3\right)}\cdot\dfrac{\sqrt{x}\left(\sqrt{x}+3\right)}{7-\sqrt{x}}\)
\(=\dfrac{x-9-x+\sqrt{x}+2}{\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)}\cdot\dfrac{1}{-\left(\sqrt{x}-7\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{\sqrt{x}-7}{\sqrt{x}-2}\cdot\dfrac{-1}{\sqrt{x}-7}\)
\(=\dfrac{-1}{\sqrt{x}-2}\)(1)
b) Ta có: \(x^2-4x=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x\left(x-4\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=0\\x-4=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=0\left(nhận\right)\\x=4\left(loại\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Thay x=0 vào biểu thức (1), ta được:
\(M=\dfrac{-1}{\sqrt{0}-2}=\dfrac{-1}{-2}=\dfrac{1}{2}\)
Vậy: Khi \(x^2-4x=0\) thì \(M=\dfrac{1}{2}\)
Bài 2 :
a) \(A=\sqrt{8+2\sqrt{7}}-\sqrt{7}=\sqrt{7+2\sqrt{7}+1}-\sqrt{7}\)
\(=\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{7}+1\right)^2}-\sqrt{7}=\left|\sqrt{7}+1\right|-\sqrt{7}=\sqrt{7}+1-\sqrt{7}=1\)
b) \(B=\sqrt{7+4\sqrt{3}}-2\sqrt{3}=\sqrt{4+4\sqrt{3}+3}-2\sqrt{3}\)
\(=\sqrt{\left(2+\sqrt{3}\right)^2}-2\sqrt{3}=\left|2+\sqrt{3}\right|-2\sqrt{3}\)
\(=2+\sqrt{3}-2\sqrt{3}=2-\sqrt{3}\)
c) \(C=\sqrt{14-2\sqrt{13}}+\sqrt{14+2\sqrt{13}}\)
\(=\sqrt{13-2\sqrt{13}+1}+\sqrt{13+2\sqrt{13}+1}\)
\(=\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{13}-1\right)^2}+\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{13}+1\right)^2}\)
\(=\left|\sqrt{13}-1\right|+\left|\sqrt{13}+1\right|\)
\(=\sqrt{13}-1+\sqrt{13}+1=2\sqrt{13}\)
d) \(D=\sqrt{22-2\sqrt{21}}+\sqrt{22+2\sqrt{21}}\)
\(=\sqrt{21-2\sqrt{21}+1}+\sqrt{21+2\sqrt{21}+1}\)
\(=\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{21}-1\right)^2}+\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{21}+1\right)^2}\)
\(=\left|\sqrt{21}-1\right|+\left|\sqrt{21}+1\right|\)
\(=\sqrt{21}-1+\sqrt{21}+1=2\sqrt{21}\)