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a) \(2Al+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2\)
\(Fe+H_2SO_4\rightarrow FeSO_4+H_2\)
b) Gọi x,y là số mol Al, Fe
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{0,448}{22,4}=0,02\left(mol\right)\)
Ta có hệ : \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}27x+56y=0,83\\\dfrac{3}{2}x+y=0,02\end{matrix}\right.\)
=> \(x=\dfrac{29}{5700};y=\dfrac{47}{3800}\)
\(\%m_{Al}=\dfrac{\dfrac{27}{5700}.27}{0,83}.100=16,55\%\); \(\%m_{Fe}=100-16,55=83,45\%\)
c)Bảo toàn nguyên tố H: \(n_{H_2SO_4}=n_{H_2}=0,02\left(mol\right)\)
=> \(C\%_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{0,02.98}{200}.100=0,98\%\)
Đặt \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Al}=x\\n_{Fe}=y\end{matrix}\right.\) ( mol ) \(\rightarrow m_{hh}=27x+56y=5,54\left(g\right)\) (1)
\(2Al+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2\)
x 1,5x ( mol )
\(Fe+H_2SO_4\rightarrow FeSO_4+H_2\)
y y ( mol )
\(n_{H_2}=1,5x+y=\dfrac{3,584}{22,4}=0,16\left(mol\right)\) (1)
\(\left(1\right);\left(2\right)\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,06\\y=0,07\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Al}=\dfrac{0,06.27}{5,54}.100=29,24\%\\\%m_{Fe}=100-29,24=70,76\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
2Al+3H2SO4->al2(SO4)3+3H2
Fe+H2SO4->FeSO4+H2
Gọi x,y tương ứng là số mol của Al và Fe:
Ta có: 27x+56y=11 (1)
nH2=0,4 mol
1,5x+y=0,4 (2)
Giải hệ(1),(2):x=0,2;y=0,1
mAl=0,2.27=5,4g
%Al=\(\dfrac{5,4.100}{16,6}\)=32,53%
=>%Fe=67,47%
m H2SO4=0,4.98=39,2g
c) m muối=0,1.342+0,1.152=49,4g
\(n_{Mg}=a;n_{Fe}=0,5a;n_{Zn}=b\\ a\left(24+28\right)+65b=52a+65b=44,2\\ 1,5a+b=\dfrac{24,64}{22,4}1,1\\ a=0,6;b=0,2\\ \%m_{Mg}=\dfrac{24a}{44,2}=32,58\%\\ \%m_{Fe}=\dfrac{28a}{44,2}=38\%\\ \%m_{Zn}=29,42\%\\ m_{ddacid}=\dfrac{98\left(1,5a+b\right)}{0,08}=1347,5g\\ m_{ddsau}=1389,5g\\ C\%_{MgCl_2}=\dfrac{95a}{1389,5}=4,10\%\\ C\%_{FeCl_2}=\dfrac{127.0,5a}{1389,5}=2,74\%\\ C\%_{ZnCl_2}=\dfrac{136b}{1389,5}=1,96\%\)
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{3,36}{22,4}=0,15mol\)
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Al}=x\left(mol\right)\\n_{Ag}=y\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow27x+108y=4,2\left(1\right)\)
\(2Al+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2\)
0,1 0,05 0,15
\(\Rightarrow m_{Al}=0,1\cdot27=2,7g\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{Ag}=4,2-2,7=1,5g\)
a)\(\%m_{Al}=\dfrac{2,7}{4,2}\cdot100\%=64,28\%\)
\(\%m_{Ag}=100\%-64,28\%=35,72\%\)
b)\(m_{muối}=0,05\cdot342=17,1g\)
a) PTHH: \(Ca+H_2SO_4\rightarrow CaSO_4+H_2\uparrow\)
\(Fe+H_2SO_4\rightarrow FeSO_4+H_2\uparrow\)
\(2Al+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2\uparrow\)
b) Ta có: \(\Sigma n_{H_2}=\dfrac{11,2}{22,4}=0,5\left(mol\right)\)
Theo các PTHH, ta thấy \(n_{H_2SO_4}=n_{H_2}=0,5\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{H_2SO_4}=0,5\cdot98=49\left(g\right)\)
Mặt khác: \(m_{H_2}=0,5\cdot2=1\left(g\right)\)
Bảo toàn khối lượng: \(m_{hh}=m_{muối}+m_{H_2}-m_{H_2SO_4}=68+1-49=20\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{5,6}{22,4}=0,25\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: Fe + H2SO4 ---> FeSO4 + H2
0,25<--------------------------0,25
\(\Rightarrow m_{Fe}=0,25.56=14\left(g\right)\\ \Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Fe}=\dfrac{14}{32}.100\%=43,75\%\\\%m_{FeO}=100\%-43,75\%=56,25\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
Gọi x, y lần lượt là số mol Al, Fe
\(2Al+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2\\ Fe+H_2SO_4\rightarrow FeSO_4+H_2\\ n_{H_2}=\dfrac{0,56}{22,4}=0,025\left(mol\right)\\ Tacó:\left\{{}\begin{matrix}27x+56y=0,83\\1,5x+y=0,025\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,01\\y=0,01\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{Al}=0,27\left(g\right)\\m_{Fe}=0,56\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)