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1)\(y=\frac{x^2+3x+7}{x+3}=\frac{x\left(x+3\right)+7}{x+3}=x+\frac{7}{x+3}\)= > x +3 thuoc\(U_{\left(7\right)}=\left\{1;-1;7;-7\right\}\)
x thuoc \(\left\{-2;-4;3;-11\right\}\)
2)\(y=\frac{4x+3}{2x+6}=\frac{4x+12-8}{2x+6}=\frac{2\left(2x+6\right)-8}{2x+6}=2-\frac{8}{2x+6}\) =>2x+6 thuoc
\(U_{\left(8\right)}=\left\{1;-1;2;-2;4;-4;8;-8\right\}\)
=>x thuoc \(\left\{-2;-4;-1;-5;1;-7\right\}\)
4)\(y=\frac{4x+1}{3x-1}\)
\(3y=\frac{12x+3}{3x-1}=\frac{12x-4+7}{3x-1}=\frac{4\left(3x-1\right)+7}{3x-1}=4+\frac{7}{3x-1}\)
3x+1 thuoc {1;-1;7;-7}
3x thuoc {0;-2;6;-8}
x thuoc {0;2}
Giải:
a) \(\dfrac{-5}{8}=\dfrac{x}{16}\)
\(\Rightarrow x=\dfrac{16.-5}{8}=-10\)
\(\dfrac{3x}{9}=\dfrac{2}{6}\)
\(\Rightarrow3x=\dfrac{2.9}{6}=3\)
\(\Rightarrow x=1\)
b) \(\dfrac{x+3}{15}=\dfrac{1}{3}\)
\(\Rightarrow x+3=\dfrac{1.15}{3}=5\)
\(\Rightarrow x=2\)
\(\dfrac{6}{2x+1}=\dfrac{2}{7}\)
\(\Rightarrow2x+1=\dfrac{6.7}{2}=21\)
\(\Rightarrow x=10\)
c) \(\dfrac{4}{x-6}=\dfrac{y}{24}=\dfrac{-12}{18}\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{4}{x-6}=\dfrac{-12}{18}\)
\(\Rightarrow x-6=\dfrac{18.4}{-12}=-6\)
\(\Rightarrow x=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{y}{24}=\dfrac{-12}{18}\)
\(\Rightarrow y=\dfrac{-12.24}{18}=-16\)
\(\dfrac{3-x}{-12}=\dfrac{16}{y+1}=\dfrac{192}{-72}\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{3-x}{-12}=\dfrac{192}{-72}\)
\(\Rightarrow3-x=\dfrac{192.-12}{-72}=32\)
\(\Rightarrow x=-29\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{16}{y+1}=\dfrac{192}{-72}\)
\(\Rightarrow y+1=\dfrac{16.-72}{192}=-6\)
d) \(\dfrac{-2}{3}< \dfrac{x}{5}< \dfrac{-1}{6}\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{-20}{30}< \dfrac{6x}{30}< \dfrac{-5}{30}\)
\(\Rightarrow6x\in\left\{-18;-12;-6\right\}\)
\(\Rightarrow x\in\left\{-3;-2;-1\right\}\)
\(\dfrac{-1}{5}\le\dfrac{x}{8}\le\dfrac{1}{4}\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{-8}{40}\le\dfrac{5x}{40}\le\dfrac{10}{40}\)
\(\Rightarrow5x\in\left\{-5;0;5;10\right\}\)
\(\Rightarrow x\in\left\{-1;0;1;2\right\}\)
e) \(\dfrac{x+46}{20}=x\dfrac{2}{5}\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{x+46}{20}=x+\dfrac{2}{5}\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{x+46}{20}=\dfrac{5x+2}{5}\)
\(\Rightarrow5.\left(x+46\right)=20.\left(5x+2\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow5x+230=100x+40\)
\(\Rightarrow5x-100x=40-230\)
\(\Rightarrow-95x=-190\)
\(\Rightarrow x=-190:-95\)
\(\Rightarrow x=2\)
\(y\dfrac{5}{y}=\dfrac{86}{y}\)
\(\Rightarrow y+\dfrac{5}{y}=\dfrac{86}{y}\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{y^2+5}{y}=\dfrac{86}{y}\)
\(\Rightarrow y^2+5=86\)
\(\Rightarrow y^2=86-5\)
\(\Rightarrow y^2=81\)
\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}y=9\\y=-9\end{matrix}\right.\)
Chúc bạn học tốt!
Lời giải:
a. Vì $x,y$ thuộc $Z$ nên $x-3, y+5\in\mathbb{Z}$. Tích của chúng $=11$ nên ta có bảng sau:
x-3 | 1 | 11 | -1 | -11 |
y+5 | 11 | 1 | -11 | -1 |
x | 4 | 14 | 2 | -8 |
y | 6 | -4 | -16 | -6 |
b. Vì $x,y\in\mathbb{Z}$ nên $2x+1, 6-y\in\mathbb{Z}$.
Với $x$ nguyên thì $2x+1$ là số nguyên lẻ nên ta có bảng sau:
2x+1 | 1 | -1 | 3 | -3 |
6-y | 12 | -12 | 4 | -4 |
x | 0 | -1 | 1 | -2 |
y | -6 | 18 | 2 | 10 |
Giải:
a) \(\dfrac{12}{16}=\dfrac{-x}{4}=\dfrac{21}{y}=\dfrac{z}{80}\)
\(\Rightarrow x=\dfrac{12.-4}{16}=-3\)
\(\Rightarrow y=\dfrac{16.21}{12}=28\)
\(\Rightarrow z=\dfrac{12.80}{16}=60\)
b) \(\dfrac{1}{3}x+\dfrac{2}{5}\left(x-1\right)\) =0
\(\dfrac{1}{3}x+\dfrac{2}{5}x-\dfrac{2}{5}=0\)
\(x.\left(\dfrac{1}{3}+\dfrac{2}{5}\right)\) \(=0+\dfrac{2}{5}\)
\(x.\dfrac{11}{15}\) \(=\dfrac{2}{5}\)
x \(=\dfrac{2}{5}:\dfrac{11}{15}\)
x \(=\dfrac{6}{11}\)
c) (2x-3)(6-2x)=0
⇒2x-3=0 hoặc 6-2x=0
x=3/2 hoặc x=3
d) \(\dfrac{-2}{3}-\dfrac{1}{3}\left(2x-5\right)=\dfrac{3}{2}\)
\(\dfrac{1}{3}\left(2x-5\right)=\dfrac{-2}{3}-\dfrac{3}{2}\)
\(\dfrac{1}{3}\left(2x-5\right)=\dfrac{-13}{6}\)
\(2x-5=\dfrac{-13}{6}:\dfrac{1}{3}\)
\(2x-5=\dfrac{-13}{2}\)
\(2x=\dfrac{-13}{2}+5\)
\(2x=\dfrac{-3}{2}\)
\(x=\dfrac{-3}{2}:2\)
\(x=\dfrac{-3}{4}\)
e) \(2\left|\dfrac{1}{2}x-\dfrac{1}{3}\right|=\dfrac{1}{4}\)
\(\left|\dfrac{1}{2}x-\dfrac{1}{3}\right|=\dfrac{1}{4}:2\)
\(\left|\dfrac{1}{2}x-\dfrac{1}{3}\right|=\dfrac{1}{8}\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{1}{2}x-\dfrac{1}{3}=\dfrac{1}{8}\) hoặc \(\dfrac{1}{2}x-\dfrac{1}{3}=\dfrac{-1}{8}\)
\(x=\dfrac{11}{12}\) hoặc \(x=\dfrac{5}{12}\)
1. \(3-|2x+1|=-5\)
\(\Rightarrow|2x+1|=8\)
\(\Rightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}2x+1=8\\2x+1=-8\end{cases}}\)
\(\Rightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}2x=7\\2x=-9\end{cases}}\)
\(\Rightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x=\frac{7}{2}\\x=-\frac{9}{2}\end{cases}}\)
Vậy \(x\in\left\{\frac{7}{2};-\frac{9}{2}\right\}\)
2.\(12+|3-x|=9\)
\(\Rightarrow|3-x|=-3\)
Mà \(|3-x|\ge0\forall x\)
\(\Rightarrow\)Vô lí
Vậy không có x
3.\(|x+9|=12+\left(-9\right)+2\)
\(\Rightarrow|x+9|=5\)
\(\Rightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x+9=5\\x+9=-5\end{cases}}\)
\(\Rightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x=-4\\x=-14\end{cases}}\)
Vậy \(x\in\left\{-4;-14\right\}\)
4.\(5x-16=40+x\)
\(\Rightarrow5x-x=40+16\)
\(\Rightarrow4x=56\)
\(\Rightarrow x=14\)
Vậy \(x=14\)
5.\(5x-7=-21-2x\)
\(\Rightarrow5x+2x=-21+7\)
\(\Rightarrow7x=-14\)
\(\Rightarrow x=-2\)
Vậy \(x=-2\)
6.\(\left(2x-1\right)\left(y-2\right)=12\)
Vì \(x,y\inℤ\)nên \(2x-1;y-2\inℤ\)
\(\Rightarrow2x-1;y-2\inƯ\left(12\right)=\left\{\pm1;\pm2;\pm3;\pm4;\pm6;\pm12\right\}\)
Ta có bảng : (em tự xét bảng nhé)
aq)
(x+3)(y+2)=1
=> x+3 và y+2 thuộc Ư(1)={-1,1}
Ta có bảng :
x+3 | 1 | -1 |
y+2 | 1 | -1 |
x | -2 | -4 |
y | -1 | -3 |
Vậy ...
b) (2x-5)(y-6)=17
=> 2x-5 và y-6 thuộc Ư(17)={-1,-17,1,17}
Ta có bảng :
2x-5 | -1 | -17 | 1 | 17 |
y-6 | -17 | -1 | 17 | 1 |
x | 2 | -6 | 3 | 11 |
y | -11 | 5 | 23 | 7 |
Vậy...
c) (2x+1)(3y-2)=-55
=> 2x+1 ; 3y-2 thuộc Ư(55)={-1,-5,-11,-55,1,5,11,55}
Ta có bảng :
2x+1 | -1 | -5 | -11 | -55 | 1 | 5 | 11 | 55 |
3y-2 | -55 | -11 | -5 | -1 | 55 | 11 | 5 | 1 |
x | -1 | -3 | -6 | -28 | 0 | 2 | 5 | 27 |
y | -53/3 | -3 | -1 | 1/3 | 19 | 13/3 | 7/3 | 1 |
Vậy ....
a) (x + 3)(y + 2) = 1
Vì (x + 3)(y + 2) = 1
=> Ta có 1 = 1.1 = (-1) . (-1)
Lập bảng xét 2 trường hợp :
x + 3 | 1 | - 1 |
y + 2 | 1 | - 1 |
x | - 2 | - 4 |
y | - 1 | - 3 |
Vậy các cặp (x,y) thỏa mãn là : (-2 ; - 1) ; (- 1 ; - 3)
b) (2x - 5)(y - 6) = 17
Vì (2x - 5)(y - 6) = 17
=> Ta có 17 = 1.17 = (-1).(-17)
Lập bảng xét 4 trường hợp:
2x - 5 | 1 | 17 | - 1 | - 17 |
y - 6 | 17 | 1 | - 17 | - 1 |
x | 3 | 11 | 2 | - 6 |
y | 11 | 7 | - 11 | 5 |
Vậy các cặp (x;y) thỏa mãn là : (3;11) ; (11;7) ; (2; - 11) ; (-6 ; 5)
c) (2x + 1)(3y - 2) = 55
Vì (2x + 1)(3y - 2) = 55
=> Ta có : 55 = 11.5 = (-11) . (- 5) = 1.55 = (- 1) . (- 55)
Lập bảng xét 8 trường hợp:
2x + 1 | 11 | 5 | -11 | -5 | 1 | 55 | -1 | -55 |
3y - 2 | 5 | 11 | - 5 | -11 | 55 | 1 | -55 | - 1 |
x | 5 | 2 | - 6 | - 3 | 0 | 27 | - 1 | - 28 |
y | 7/3 | 13/3 | - 1 | - 3 | 19 | 1 | -53/3 | -1/3 |
Vậy các cặp (x,y) thỏa mãn là :(-6; - 1) ; (-3; - 3) ; (0;19); (27;1)