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\(n_A=\dfrac{7}{M_A}\left(mol\right)\)
TH1: A hóa trị I
PTHH: 2A + 2HCl --> 2ACl + H2
____\(\dfrac{7}{M_A}\)-------------->\(\dfrac{7}{M_A}\)
=> \(\dfrac{7}{M_A}\left(M_A+35,5\right)=15,875=>M_A=28\left(g/mol\right)=>L\)
TH2: A hóa trị II
PTHH: A + 2HCl --> ACl2 + H2
_____\(\dfrac{7}{M_A}\)--------->\(\dfrac{7}{M_A}\)
=> \(\dfrac{7}{M_A}\left(M_A+71\right)=15,875=>M_A=56\left(Fe\right)\)
TH3: A hóa trị III
PTHH: 2A + 6HCl --> 2ACl3 + 3H2
_____\(\dfrac{7}{M_A}\)------------>\(\dfrac{7}{M_A}\)
=> \(\dfrac{7}{M_A}\left(M_A+106,5\right)=15,875=>M_A=84\left(L\right)\)
\(\text{Đ}\text{ặt}:A\\ A+HCl\rightarrow ACl+H_2\\ n_{H_2}=\dfrac{2,24}{22,4}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\ n_A=n_{ACl_2}=2.n_{H_2}=0,1.2=0,2\left(mol\right)\\ M_{ACl}=\dfrac{11,7}{0,2}=58,5\left(\dfrac{g}{mol}\right)\\ M\text{à}:M_{ACl}=M_A+35,5\\ \Rightarrow M_A=23\left(\dfrac{g}{mol}\right)\\ \Rightarrow A:Natri\left(Na\right)\\ a=23.0,2=4,6\left(g\right)\)
nH2=2,24/22,4=0,1(mol)
2M+2HCl→2MCl+H2
0,2 ← 0,2 ← 0,1
Có 0,2 .(M+35,5)=11,7(gam)
⇒ M=23 ⇒M là Na
mNa=23. 0,2= 4,6 (gam)
Ta có: \(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{6,72}{22,4}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{3,36}{22,4}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)
BT e, có: x.nM = 4nO2 + 2nH2
\(\Rightarrow n_M=\dfrac{1,5}{x}\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow M_M=\dfrac{13,5}{\dfrac{1,5}{x}}=9x\left(g/mol\right)\)
Với x = 3 thì MM = 27 (g/mol)
→ M là nhôm (Al)
m = mKL + mO2 = 13,5 + 0,3.32 = 23,1 (g)
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{1,12}{22,4}=0,05\left(mol\right)\\ KL:M\\ M+2HCl\rightarrow MCl_2+H_2\\ n_{MCl_2}=n_M=n_{H_2}=0,05\left(mol\right)\\ M_{MCl_2}=\dfrac{4,75}{0,05}=95\left(\dfrac{g}{mol}\right)\\ M\text{à}:M_{MCl_2}=M_M+71\left(\dfrac{g}{mol}\right)\\ \Rightarrow M_M+71=95\\ \Leftrightarrow M_M=24\left(\dfrac{g}{mol}\right)\\ \Rightarrow M\left(II\right):Magie\left(Mg=24\right)\\ a=24.0,05=1,2\left(g\right)\)
1.
\(R+HCl\rightarrow RCl+\frac{1}{2}H_2\)
0,4 ______________0,2
\(n_{H2}=\frac{4,48}{22,4}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_R=\frac{9,2}{R}\)
Ta có nR=0,4
\(\rightarrow\frac{9,2}{R}=0,4\rightarrow R=23\left(Na\right)\)
Vậy kim loại là Natri
2.
\(R+HCl\rightarrow RCl+\frac{1}{2}H_2\)
0,4___0,4
\(n_{HCl}=0,2.2=0,4\left(mol\right)\)
\(M_R=\frac{4,2}{0,4}=12\left(Mg\right)\)
Vậy kim loại là Magie
3.
\(R+HCl\rightarrow RCl+\frac{1}{2}H_2\)
0,4________________0,2
\(n_{H2}=\frac{4,48}{22,4}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(M_R=\frac{11,2}{0,4}=27\left(Al\right)\)
Vậy kim loại là Nhôm
\(2R+2nHCl\rightarrow2RCl_n+nH_2\)
.0,12/n...............0,12/n......0,06......
\(R_2O_n+2nHCl\rightarrow2RCl_n+nH_2O\)
.0,3/n......................................0,3....
\(n_{H_2O}=2n_{O_2}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
Có : \(m=13,44=m_R+m_{R_2O_n}=\dfrac{0,12R}{n}+\dfrac{\left(2R+16n\right)0,3}{n}\)
\(\Rightarrow R=12n\)
=> R là Mg
\(n_{Al\left(I\right)}=\dfrac{3}{2}n_{H_2}=0,045\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{Al\left(II\right)}=2n_{Al_2O_3}=\dfrac{2}{3}n_{H_2O}=\dfrac{2}{3}.2n_{O_2}=\dfrac{4}{3}n_{O_2}=\dfrac{1}{15}\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{Al}=m=3,015\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{4.48}{22.4}=0.2\left(mol\right)\)
\(M+2H_2O\rightarrow M\left(OH\right)_2+H_2\)
\(0.2........................................0.2\)
\(M_M=\dfrac{8}{0.2}=40\left(\dfrac{g}{mol}\right)\)
\(M:Ca\left(Canxi\right)\)
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{4,48}{22,4}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: A + 2H2O --> A(OH)2 + H2
_____0,2<--------------------------0,2
=> \(M_A=\dfrac{8}{0,2}=40\left(g/mol\right)=>Ca\)
1a)
nH2 = 2.688/22.4 = 0.12 (mol)
M + 2HCl => MCl2 + H2
0.12..............0.12......0.12
MM = 4.8/0.12 = 40
=> M là : Ca
mCaCl2 = 0.12 * 111 = 13.32 (g)
Tách câu ra nhé !
5. \(R+2HCl\rightarrow RCl_2+H_2\)
\(n_R=n_{RCl2}\rightarrow\frac{13}{R}=\frac{27,2}{R+71}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow13R+923=27,2R\)
\(\rightarrow R=65\left(Zn\right)\)
Vậy R là Kẽm
6. \(A+HCl\rightarrow ACl+\frac{1}{2}H_2\)
\(n_A=n_{ACl}\rightarrow\frac{4,6}{A}=\frac{11,7}{A+35,5}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow4,6A+163,3=11,7A\)
\(\rightarrow A=23\left(Na\right)\)
Vậy A là Natri
7. \(R+HCl\rightarrow RCl+\frac{1}{2}H_2\)
0,2__________________0,1
\(\rightarrow M_R=\frac{7,8}{0,2}=39\left(K\right)\)
Vậy R là Kali
5. Gọi kim loại đó là M
Ta có PT: M + 2HCl ---> MCl2 + H2
nM=\(\frac{13}{M}\)(mol)
Theo PT ta có:
n\(MCl_2\)=nM =\(\frac{13}{M}\)(mol)
ta có: M\(MCl_2\)=\(\frac{27,2}{\frac{13}{M}}\)=M+71
=>M=65. Vậy M là Zn