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\(I_1=3\int_1^2x^2dx+\int_1^2\cos xdx+\int_1^2\frac{dx}{x}=x^3\)\(|^2 _1\)+\(\sin x\)\(|^2_1\) +\(\ln\left|x\right|\)\(|^2_1\)
\(=\left(8-1\right)+\left(\sin2-\sin1\right)+\left(\ln2-\ln1\right)\)
\(=7+\sin2-\sin1+\ln2\)
b) \(I_2=4\int_1^2\frac{dx}{x}-5\int_1^2x^4dx+2\int_1^2\sqrt{x}dx\)
\(=4\left(\ln2-\ln1\right)-\left(2^5-1^5\right)+\frac{4}{3}\left(2\sqrt{2}-1\sqrt{1}\right)\)
\(=4\ln2+\frac{8\sqrt{2}}{3}-32\frac{1}{3}\)
Câu a)
\(\int \frac{1}{\cos^4x}dx=\int \frac{\sin ^2x+\cos^2x}{\cos^4x}dx=\int \frac{\sin ^2x}{\cos^4x}dx+\int \frac{1}{\cos^2x}dx\)
Xét \(\int \frac{1}{\cos^2x}dx=\int d(\tan x)=\tan x+c\)
Xét \(\int \frac{\sin ^2x}{\cos^4x}dx=\int \frac{\tan ^2x}{\cos^2x}dx=\int \tan^2xd(\tan x)=\frac{\tan ^3x}{3}+c\)
Vậy :
\(\int \frac{1}{\cos ^4x}dx=\frac{\tan ^3x}{3}+\tan x+c\)
\(\Rightarrow \int ^{\frac{\pi}{3}}_{\frac{\pi}{6}}\frac{dx}{\cos^4 x}=\)\(\left.\begin{matrix} \frac{\pi}{3}\\ \frac{\pi}{6}\end{matrix}\right|\left ( \frac{\tan ^3 x}{3}+\tan x+c \right )=\frac{44}{9\sqrt{3}}\)
Câu b)
\(\int \frac{(x+1)^2}{x^2+1}dx=\int \frac{x^2+1+2x}{x^2+1}dx=\int dx+\int \frac{2xdx}{x^2+1}\)
\(=x+c+\int \frac{d(x^2+1)}{x^2+1}=x+\ln (x^2+1)+c\)
Do đó:
\(\int ^{1}_{0}\frac{(x+1)^2}{x^2+1}dx=\left.\begin{matrix} 1\\ 0\end{matrix}\right|(x+\ln (x^2+1)+c)=\ln 2+1\)
Câu c)
\(\int \frac{x^2+2\ln x}{x}dx=\int xdx+2\int \frac{2\ln x}{x}dx\)
\(=\frac{x^2}{2}+c+2\int \ln xd(\ln x)\)
\(=\frac{x^2}{2}+c+\ln ^2x\)
\(\Rightarrow \int ^{2}_{1}\frac{x^2+2\ln x}{x}dx=\left.\begin{matrix} 2\\ 1\end{matrix}\right|\left ( \frac{x^2}{2}+\ln ^2x +c \right )=\frac{3}{2}+\ln ^22\)
Câu d)
\(\int^{2}_{1} \frac{x^2+3x+1}{x^2+x}dx=\int ^{2}_{1}dx+\int ^{2}_{1}\frac{2x+1}{x^2+x}dx\)
\(=\left.\begin{matrix} 2\\ 1\end{matrix}\right|x+\int ^{2}_{1}\frac{d(x^2+x)}{x^2+x}=1+\left.\begin{matrix} 2\\ 1\end{matrix}\right|\ln |x^2+x|=1+\ln 6-\ln 2\)
\(=1+\ln 3\)
Câu này dài quá! Mình k ghi ra dc! Đầu tiên đổi biến số sau đó tích phân từng phần 3 lần :3 :3
\(I=\int\limits^e_1\frac{\frac{1-lnx}{x^2}}{\left(1+\frac{lnx}{x}\right)^2}dx\)
Đặt \(\frac{lnx}{x}=t\Rightarrow\left(\frac{1-lnx}{x^2}\right)dx=dt\)
\(\Rightarrow I=\int\limits^{\frac{1}{e}}_0\frac{dt}{\left(1+t\right)^2}=-\frac{1}{1+t}|^{\frac{1}{e}}_0=\frac{1}{e+1}\)
\(\Rightarrow a=b=1\Rightarrow a^2+b^2=2\)
Không phải tất cả các câu đều dùng nguyên hàm từng phần được đâu nhé, 1 số câu phải dùng đổi biến, đặc biệt những câu liên quan đến căn thức thì đừng dại mà nguyên hàm từng phần (vì càng nguyên hàm từng phần biểu thức nó càng phình to ra chứ không thu gọn lại, vĩnh viễn không ra kết quả đâu)
a/ \(I=\int\frac{9x^2}{\sqrt{1-x^3}}dx\)
Đặt \(u=\sqrt{1-x^3}\Rightarrow u^2=1-x^3\Rightarrow2u.du=-3x^2dx\)
\(\Rightarrow9x^2dx=-6udu\)
\(\Rightarrow I=\int\frac{-6u.du}{u}=-6\int du=-6u+C=-6\sqrt{1-x^3}+C\)
b/ Đặt \(u=1+\sqrt{x}\Rightarrow du=\frac{dx}{2\sqrt{x}}\Rightarrow2du=\frac{dx}{\sqrt{x}}\)
\(\Rightarrow I=\int\frac{2du}{u^3}=2\int u^{-3}du=-u^{-2}+C=-\frac{1}{u^2}+C=-\frac{1}{\left(1+\sqrt{x}\right)^2}+C\)
c/ Đặt \(u=\sqrt{2x+3}\Rightarrow u^2=2x\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=\frac{u^2}{2}\\dx=u.du\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow I=\int\frac{u^2.u.du}{2u}=\frac{1}{2}\int u^2du=\frac{1}{6}u^3+C=\frac{1}{6}\sqrt{\left(2x+3\right)^3}+C\)
d/ Đặt \(u=\sqrt{1+e^x}\Rightarrow u^2-1=e^x\Rightarrow2u.du=e^xdx\)
\(\Rightarrow I=\int\frac{\left(u^2-1\right).2u.du}{u}=2\int\left(u^2-1\right)du=\frac{2}{3}u^3-2u+C\)
\(=\frac{2}{3}\sqrt{\left(1+e^x\right)^2}-2\sqrt{1+e^x}+C\)
e/ Đặt \(u=\sqrt[3]{1+lnx}\Rightarrow u^3=1+lnx\Rightarrow3u^2du=\frac{dx}{x}\)
\(\Rightarrow I=\int u.3u^2du=3\int u^3du=\frac{3}{4}u^4+C=\frac{3}{4}\sqrt[3]{\left(1+lnx\right)^4}+C\)
f/ \(I=\int cosx.sin^3xdx\)
Đặt \(u=sinx\Rightarrow du=cosxdx\)
\(\Rightarrow I=\int u^3du=\frac{1}{4}u^4+C=\frac{1}{4}sin^4x+C\)
1) Đặt \(t=1+\sqrt{x-1}\Leftrightarrow x=\left(t-1\right)^2+1\forall t\ge1\Rightarrow dx=d\left(t-1\right)^2=2dt\)
\(\Rightarrow I_1=\int\frac{\left(t-1\right)^2+1}{t}\cdot2dt=2\int\frac{t^2-2t+2}{t}dt=2\int\left(t-2+\frac{2}{t}\right)dt\\ =t^2-4t+4lnt+C\)
Thay x vào ta có...
2) \(I_2=\int\frac{2sinx\cdot cosx}{cos^3x-\left(1-cos^2x\right)-1}dx=\int\frac{-2cosx\cdot d\left(cosx\right)}{cos^3x+cos^2x-2}=\int\frac{-2t\cdot dt}{t^3+t-2}\)
\(I_2=\int\frac{-2t}{\left(t-1\right)\left(t^2+2t+2\right)}dt=-\frac{2}{5}\int\frac{dt}{t-1}+\frac{1}{5}\int\frac{2t+2}{t^2+2t+2}dt-\frac{6}{5}\int\frac{dt}{\left(t+1\right)^2+1}\)
Ta có:
\(\int\frac{2t+2}{t^2+2t+2}dt=\int\frac{d\left(t^2+2t+2\right)}{t^2+2t+2}=ln\left(t^2+2t+2\right)+C\)
\(\int\frac{dt}{\left(t+1\right)^2+1}=\int\frac{\frac{1}{cos^2m}}{tan^2m+1}dm=\int dm=m+C=arctan\left(t+1\right)+C\)
Thay x vào, ta có....
\(I_1=\int cos\left(\frac{\pi x}{2}\right)dx-\int\frac{2}{6x+5}dx=\frac{2}{\pi}\int cos\left(\frac{\pi x}{2}\right)d\left(\frac{\pi x}{2}\right)-\frac{1}{3}\int\frac{d\left(6x+5\right)}{6x+5}\)
\(=\frac{2}{\pi}sin\left(\frac{\pi x}{2}\right)-\frac{1}{3}ln\left|6x+5\right|+C\)
\(I_2=-\frac{1}{2}\int\left(4-x^4\right)^{\frac{1}{2}}d\left(4-x^4\right)=-\frac{1}{2}.\frac{\left(4-x^4\right)^{\frac{3}{2}}}{\frac{3}{2}}+C=\frac{-\sqrt{\left(4-x^4\right)^3}}{3}+C\)
\(I_3=2\int e^{\frac{1}{2}\left(4+x^2\right)}d\left(\frac{1}{2}\left(4+x^2\right)\right)=2e^{\frac{1}{2}\left(4+x^2\right)}+C=2\sqrt{e^{4+x^2}}+C\)
\(I_4=-\frac{1}{2}\int\left(1-x^2\right)^{\frac{1}{3}}d\left(1-x^2\right)=-\frac{1}{2}.\frac{\left(1-x^2\right)^{\frac{4}{3}}}{\frac{4}{3}}+C=-\frac{3}{8}\sqrt[3]{\left(1-x^2\right)^4}+C\)
\(I_5=\int e^{sinx}d\left(sinx\right)=e^{sinx}+C\)
\(I_6=\int\frac{d\left(1+sinx\right)}{1+sinx}=ln\left(1+sinx\right)+C\)
\(I_7=\int\left(x+1\right)\sqrt{x-1}dx\)
Đặt \(\sqrt{x-1}=t\Rightarrow x=t^2+1\Rightarrow dx=2tdt\)
\(\Rightarrow I_7=\int\left(t^2+2\right).t.2t.dt=\int\left(2t^4+4t^2\right)dt=\frac{2}{5}t^5+\frac{4}{3}t^3+C\)
\(=\frac{2}{5}\sqrt{\left(1-x\right)^5}+\frac{4}{3}\sqrt{\left(1-x\right)^3}+C\)
\(I_8=\int\left(2x+1\right)^{20}dx\)
Đặt \(2x+1=t\Rightarrow2dx=dt\Rightarrow dx=\frac{1}{2}dt\)
\(\Rightarrow I_8=\frac{1}{2}\int t^{20}dt=\frac{1}{42}t^{21}+C=\frac{1}{42}\left(2x+1\right)^{21}+C\)
\(I_9=-3\int\left(1-x^3\right)^{-\frac{1}{2}}d\left(1-x^3\right)=-3.\frac{\left(1-x^3\right)^{\frac{1}{2}}}{\frac{1}{2}}+C=-6\sqrt{1-x^3}+C\)
\(I_{10}=\int\frac{x}{\sqrt{2x+3}}dx\)
Đặt \(\sqrt{2x+3}=t\Rightarrow x=\frac{1}{2}t^2-\frac{3}{2}\Rightarrow dx=t.dt\)
\(\Rightarrow I_{10}=\int\frac{\frac{1}{2}t^2-\frac{3}{2}}{t}.t.dt=\frac{1}{2}\int\left(t^2-3\right)dt=\frac{2}{3}t^3-\frac{3}{2}t+C\)
\(=\frac{2}{3}\sqrt{\left(2x+3\right)^3}-\frac{3}{2}\sqrt{2x+3}+C\)
a) Dùng phương pháp hữu tỉ hóa "Nếu \(f\left(x\right)=R\left(e^x\right)\Rightarrow t=e^x\)" ta có \(e^x=t\Rightarrow x=\ln t,dx=\frac{dt}{t}\)
Khi đó \(I_1=\int\frac{t^3}{t+2}.\frac{dt}{t}=\int\frac{t^2}{t+2}dt=\int\left(t-2+\frac{4}{t+2}\right)dt\)
\(=\frac{1}{2}t^2-2t+4\ln\left(t+2\right)+C=\frac{1}{2}e^{2x}-2e^x+4\ln\left(e^x+2\right)+C\)
b) Hàm dưới dấu nguyên hàm
\(f\left(x\right)=\frac{\sqrt{x}}{x+\sqrt[3]{x^2}}=R\left(x;x^{\frac{1}{2}},x^{\frac{2}{3}}\right)\)
q=BCNN(2;3)=6
Ta thực hiện phép hữu tỉ hóa theo :
"Nếu \(f\left(x\right)=R\left(x:\left(ã+b\right);\left(ax+b\right)^{r2},....\right),r_k=\frac{P_k}{q_k}\in Q,k=1,2,...,m\Rightarrow t=\left(ax+b\right)^{\frac{1}{q}}\),q=BCNN \(\left(q_1,q_2,...,q_m\right)\)"
=> \(t=x^{\frac{1}{6}}\Rightarrow x=t^{6,}dx=6t^5dt\)
Khi đó nguyên hàm đã cho trở thành :
\(I_2=\int\frac{t^3}{t^6-t^4}6t^{5dt}=\int\frac{6t^4}{t^2-1}dt=6\int\left(t^2+1+\frac{1}{t^2-1}\right)dt\)
\(=6\int\left(t^2+1\right)dt+2\int\frac{dt}{\left(t-1\right)\left(t+1\right)}=2t^3+6t+3\int\frac{dt}{t-1}-3\int\frac{dt}{t+1}\)
\(=2t^2+6t+3\ln\left|t-1\right|-3\ln\left|t+1\right|+C=2\sqrt{x}+6\sqrt[6]{x}+3\ln\left|\frac{\sqrt[6]{x-1}}{\sqrt[6]{x+1}}\right|+C\)
c) Hàm dưới dấu nguyên hàm có dạng :
\(f\left(x\right)=R\left(x;\left(\frac{x+1}{x-1}\right)^{\frac{2}{3}};\left(\frac{x+1}{x-1}\right)^{\frac{5}{6}}\right)\)
q=BCNN (3;6)=6
Ta thực hiện phép hữu tỉ hóa được
\(t=\left(\frac{x+1}{x-1}\right)^{\frac{1}{6}}\Rightarrow x=\frac{t^6+1}{t^6-1},dx=\frac{-12t^5}{\left(t^6-1\right)^2}dt\)
Khi đó hàm dưới dấu nguyên hàm trở thành
\(R\left(t\right)=\frac{1}{\left(\frac{t^6+1}{t^6-1}\right)^2-1}\left[t^4-t^5\right]=\frac{\left(t^6-1\right)^2}{4t^6}\left(t^4-t^5\right)\)
Do đó :
\(I_3=\int\frac{\left(t^6-1\right)^2}{4t^6}\left(t^4-t^5\right).\frac{-12t^5}{\left(t^6-1\right)}dt=3\int\left(t^4-t^3\right)dt\)
\(=\frac{5}{3}t^5-\frac{3}{4}t^4+C=\frac{3}{5}\sqrt[6]{\left(\frac{x+1}{x-1}\right)^5}-\frac{3}{4}\sqrt[3]{\left(\frac{x+1}{x-1}\right)^2}+C\)
Câu 1)
Đặt \(\left\{\begin{matrix} u=\ln ^2x\\ dv=\frac{1}{x^2}dx\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow \left\{\begin{matrix} du=\frac{2\ln x}{x}\\ v=\frac{-1}{x}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\int \left ( \frac{\ln}{x} \right )^2dx=\frac{-\ln^2x}{x}+2\int \frac{\ln x}{x^2}dx\)
Đặt \(\left\{\begin{matrix} t=\ln x\\ dk=\frac{1}{x^2}dx\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow \left\{\begin{matrix} dt=\frac{1}{x}dx\\ k=-\frac{1}{x}\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow \int \frac{\ln x}{x^2}dx=-\frac{\ln x}{x}+\int \frac{1}{x^2}dx=\frac{-\ln x}{x}-\frac{1}{x}\)
\(\Rightarrow I=\left.\begin{matrix} e\\ 1\end{matrix}\right|\left(\frac{-\ln^2 x}{x}-\frac{2\ln x}{x}-\frac{2}{x}\right)=2-\frac{5}{e}\)
Câu 2)
\(I=\int ^{\frac{\pi}{4}}_{0}\frac{x}{1+\cos 2x}dx=\frac{1}{2}\int ^{\frac{\pi}{4}}_{0}\frac{x}{\cos^2x}dx\)
Đặt \(\left\{\begin{matrix} u=x\\ dv=\frac{dx}{\cos^2x}\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow \left\{\begin{matrix} du=dx\\ v=\tan x\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow I=\left.\begin{matrix} \frac{\pi}{4}\\ 0\end{matrix}\right|\frac{x\tan x}{2}-\frac{1}{2}\int^{\frac{\pi}{4}}_{0} \tan xdx\)
\(=\frac{\pi}{8}+\frac{1}{2}\int ^{\frac{\pi}{4}}_{0}\frac{d(\cos x)}{\cos x}=\frac{\pi}{8}+\left.\begin{matrix} \frac{\pi}{4}\\ 0\end{matrix}\right|\frac{\ln |\cos x|}{2}=\frac{\pi}{8}+\frac{\ln\frac{\sqrt{2}}{2}}{2}\)
\(I=\int\limits^2_1\frac{x\left(3x-\sqrt{9x^2-1}\right)}{\left(3x+\sqrt{9x^2-1}\right)\left(3x-\sqrt{9x^2-1}\right)}dx=\int\limits^2_1x\left(3x-\sqrt{9x^2-1}\right)dx\)
\(=\int\limits^2_13x^2dx-\frac{1}{18}\int\limits^2_1\sqrt{9x^2-1}.d\left(9x^2-1\right)\)
\(=x^3|^2_1-\frac{1}{27}\sqrt{\left(9x^2-1\right)^3}|^2_1=7-\frac{1}{27}\left(35\sqrt{35}-16\sqrt{2}\right)\)