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1. Mary doesn’t go to school because she is ill
=>Because of her illness ,Mary doesn’t go to school.
2. Our guests arrived late because of the heavy rain
=>Because it rained heavily, Our guests arrived late.
3. Because of my friend’s absence, I have to copy the lesson for him
=>Because my friend is absent .I have to copy the lesson for him
4. This boy is ignorant because he is lazy
=>Because of his laziness,This boy is ignorant.
5. My friend was absent because of his illness
=>Because my friend was ill,he was absent .
6. As he has behaved badly, he must be punished
=>Because of his bad behaivior,he must be punished.
7. Although he had a good salary, he was unhappy in his job
=>In spite of having a good salary,he was unhappy in his job.
8. We went out in spite of the rain
=>Although it rained,we went out.
9. Though he was poor, he wasn’t always unhappy
=>Despite being poor.he wasn’t always unhappy
10. The little boy crossed the street although the traffic was heavy
=>In spite of heavy traffic,The little boy crossed the street.
11. She decided to accept the job although the salary was low
=>Despite low salary,She decided to accept the job.
12. Although he had a bad cold, William still went to work
=>In spite of having a bad cold,William still went to work
13. Life is short, yet we still waste a lot of time
=>Though life is short,we still waste a lot of time.
14. In spite of all my careful plans, a lot of things went wrong
=>Although my plans were careful,a lot of things went wrong...
15. In spite of his age, Mr. Bensons runs seven miles before breakfast
=>Although Mr.benson is ols,he runs seven miles before breakfast
16. In spite of the bad weather, the pilot will bring the plane down safely
=>Though the weather is bad,the pilot will bring the plane down safely
17. Cars cause pollution but people still want them
=>Although Cars cause pollution , people still want them
18. Although his leg was broken, he managed to get out of the car
=>In spite of his broken leg,he managed to get out of the car
19. They got wet to the skin because of heavy rain
=>It rained heavily so They got wet to the skin
20. Not having enough money, I didn’t buy the computer
=>Because I don't have enough money, I didn’t buy the computer
21. The joke was funny, but no one laughed
=>Although The joke was funny,no one laughed
22. The café was crowded, but we found a table
=>Although The café was crowded, we found a table
23. Since he was careless, Tim lost his job
=>Because of his careless ness, Tim lost his job
24. She was seriously ill but she enjoyed life very much
=>Although She was seriously ill , she enjoyed life very much
25. He crashed his car although he drove carefully
=>Despite driving carefully, He crashed his car
26. Although the weather was very hot, they continued playing football
=>In spite of hot weather,they continued playing football
1. i couldn't do the test because it was difficult
=> Because of the difficult test, I couldn't do it.
2.although he got up early, he was late for the first train
=> In spite of getting up early, he was late for the first train.
3.although english grammar is difficult, we like to study it
=> In spite of the difficulties in English grammar, we like to study it.
4. although he is an excellent doctor, he can't cure lever cancer
=> Despite being an excellent doctor, he can't cure lever cancer.
5. although my friend doesn't have money , she wans to buy that new car
=> Despite not having money,she wants to buy that new car.
6. although mai didn't speak english well, she decided to live in london
=> In spite of not speaking English well, Mai decided to live in London.
7. although he is sick, he goes to school
=> In spite of being sick, he goes to school.
8. although lan was tired, she did all her homwork carefully
=> Despite being tired, Lan did all her homework carefully.
9. evrybody has a great regard for her despite her poverty
=> Although she is poor, everybody has a great regard for her.
10. they worked very hard although they were old
=> In spite of being old, they worked very hard.
11. peter didn't go to school yesterday because he was sick
=> Because of his sickness, Peter didn't go to school yesterday.
12. mary went to bed early because she felt tired
=> Because of feeling tired, Mary went to bed early.
13.she didn't go to thr circus with betty because she had a bad cold
=> Because of the bad cold, she didn't go to the circus with betty.
14. john succeeded in his exam because he work hard
=> Because of working hard, John succeeded in his exam.
15. she stayed at home because her mother was sick
=> Because of her mother sickness, she stayed at home.
16.i like him because his father is kind to me
=> Because of his father kindness, I like him.
17. i couldn't do the test because it was difficult
=> Because of the difficult test, I couldn;t do it.
18. although he got up early, he was late for the first train
=> In spite of getting up early, he was late for the first train.
19.although i am hugry, i can't eat now
=> Despite being hungry, I can't eat now
20. despite the narrow streets, many people drive cars in this city
=> Though the streets are narrow, many people drives cars in this city.
21. in spite of the high prices, my daughters insist on going to the movie
=> Although the prices are high, my daughters insist on going to movie.
22. they worked very hard inspite of their old age
=> Despite being old, they worked very hard.
1. i couldn't do the test because it was difficult
=> Because of the difficult test, I couldn't do it.
2.although he got up early, he was late for the first train
=> In spite of getting up early, he was late for the first train.
3.although english grammar is difficult, we like to study it
=> In spite of the difficulties in English grammar, we like to study it.
4. although he is an excellent doctor, he can't cure lever cancer
=> Despite being an excellent doctor, he can't cure lever cancer.
5. although my friend doesn't have money , she wans to buy that new car
=> Despite not having money,she wants to buy that new car.
6. although mai didn't speak english well, she decided to live in london
=> In spite of not speaking English well, Mai decided to live in London.
7. although he is sick, he goes to school
=> In spite of being sick, he goes to school.
8. although lan was tired, she did all her homwork carefully
=> Despite being tired, Lan did all her homework carefully.
9. evrybody has a great regard for her despite her poverty
=> Although she is poor, everybody has a great regard for her.
10. they worked very hard although they were old
=> In spite of being old, they worked very hard.
11. peter didn't go to school yesterday because he was sick
=> Because of his sickness, Peter didn't go to school yesterday.
12. mary went to bed early because she felt tired
=> Because of feeling tired, Mary went to bed early.
13.she didn't go to thr circus with betty because she had a bad cold
=> Because of the bad cold, she didn't go to the circus with betty.
14. john succeeded in his exam because he work hard
=> Because of working hard, John succeeded in his exam.
15. she stayed at home because her mother was sick
=> Because of her mother sickness, she stayed at home.
16.i like him because his father is kind to me
=> Because of his father kindness, I like him.
17. i couldn't do the test because it was difficult
=> Because of the difficult test, I couldn;t do it.
18. although he got up early, he was late for the first train
=> In spite of getting up early, he was late for the first train.
19.although i am hugry, i can't eat now
=> Despite being hungry, I can't eat now
20. despite the narrow streets, many people drive cars in this city
=> Though the streets are narrow, many people drives cars in this city.
21. in spite of the high prices, my daughters insist on going to the movie
=> Although the prices are high, my daughters insist on going to movie.
22. they worked very hard inspite of their old age
=> Despite being old, they worked very hard.
1. I couldn't do the test because it was difficult.
Because of the difficult test, i couldn't do it.
2. Although he got up early, he was late for the first train
In spite of getting up late, he was late for the first train
3. Although my friend doesn't have enough money, she wants to buy that new car.
Despite not having enough money, she wants to buy that new car.
4. We arrived late because of the bad traffic
Because the traffic was bad, we arrived late
5. She didn't buy the house because the price was very high
Because of the high price, She didn't buy the house
6. She only accepted the job because of the high salary
Because the salary was high, she only accepted the job
7. We couldn't sleep because the weather was hot.
Because of the hot weather, we couldn't sleep
8. I enjoyed the film although the story was bored
in spite of the bored story, I enjoyed the film
9. He didn't arrive until 9 o'clock although he promised that he wouldn't be late.
In spite of promising that he wouldn't be late, he didn't arrive until 9 o'clock
10. Although he was seriously ill, he was determined to finish his work
In spite of his serious illness, he was determined to finish his work
11. Mary went to bed early because she felt tired
Because of feeling tired, Mary went to bed early
11) Many people began to wearing jeans because they were cheap
Because of the cheapness of jeans, many people began to wearing them
12) Since he was careless, Tom lost the game
=> Because of his carelessness, Tom lost the game
13) Although she behaves well, no one loves her
Despite her good behaviour, no one loves her
14) Because of the cold weather, the crops are late this year
=> Because the weather was cold, the crops are late this year
15) Mary was worried because Tom was late
=> Because of Tom's lateness, Mary was worried
16) Tom walked slowly because his leg was bad.
=> Because of his bad leg, Tom walked slowly
17) I came here because I want the English course.
=> Because of wanting the English course, I came here
18) I went to school although it was hot.
=> Despite the hot weather, I went to school
19) Because of the dust in the room, I can't go in.
Because there is the dust in the room, I can't go in
20. She didn't go to the circus with Betty because she had a bad cold.
Because of her bad cold, She didn't go to the circus with Betty
Sentence ←→ Noun Phrase:
1) In spite of being so lazy, he passed the exam.
--> Although he is so lazy, he passed the exam.
2) Despite being rich, he doesn't buy anything.
--> Though he is rich, he doesn't buy anything.
3) Inspite of her beauty, she is very lazy.
--> Even though she is beautiful, she is very lazy.
4) Despite the cloudy weather, they wanted to go for a walk.
--> They wanted to go for a walk although the weather was cloudy
5) Nam can finish his homework in spite of the difficult exercises.
--> Although the exercises are difficult , Nam can finish his homework
6) In spite of the bad weather, they wanted to go out.
--> Although the weather was bad, they wanted to go out.
7) Despite the heavy rain, the weather wasn't cold.
--> The weather wasn't cold although it rained heavily
8) Although she is ill, she goes to school every morning.
--> Despite being ill, she goes to school every morning.
9) The exercise was difficult but he could find the answer.
--> Athough The exercise was difficult he could find the answer.
10) I'm seriously sick, so i don't want to go out.
--> BecauseI'm seriously sick, i don't want to go out.
11) Because of the polluted water, we can't swim in the water.
--> Because the water is polluted , we can't swim in the water.
12) As a fast runner, he won the prize.
--> Because he ran fast, he won the prize.
13) Because of the heavy rain, we didn't go out for a walk.
--> Because it rained heavily, we didn't go out for a walk.
Sentence ←→ Noun Phrase:
1) In spite of being so lazy, he passed the exam.
--> Although he was so lazy,he passed the exam.
2) Despite being rich, he doesn't buy anything.
--> Though he is rich,he doesn't buy anything.
3) Inspite of her beauty, she is very lazy.
--> Even though she is beautiful,she is very lazy.
4) Despite the cloudy weather, they wanted to go for a walk.
--> They wanted to go for a walk although the weather is cloudy
5) Nam can finish his homework in spite of the difficult exercises.
--> Although the exercises are difficult,Nam can finish his homework.
6) In spite of the bad weather, they wanted to go out.
--> Although the weather was bad,they wanted to go out.
7) Despite the heavy rain, the weather wasn't cold.
--> The weather wasn't cold although it rained heavily.
8) Although she is ill, she goes to school every morning.
--> Despite her illness,she goes to school every morning.
9) The exercise was difficult but he could find the answer.
--> Athough the exercise was difficult,he could find the answer.
10) I'm seriously sick, so i don't want to go out.
--> Because I'm seriously sick,I don't want to go out.
11) Because of the polluted water, we can't swim in the water.
--> Because the water is polluted,we can't swim in the water.
12) As a fast runner, he won the prize.
--> Because he ran so fast,he won the prize.
13) Because of the heavy rain, we didn't go out for a walk.
--> Because it rained heavily,we didn't go out for a walk
III.
1. Many people began to wearing jeans because they were cheap.
\(\Rightarrow\) Because of the cheapness, many people began to wearing jeans.
2. Since he was careless, Tom lost the game.
\(\Rightarrow\) Because of Tom's carelessness, he lost the game.
3. Although she behaves well, no one loves her.
\(\Rightarrow\) Despite behaving well, no one loves her.
4. Because of the cold weather, the crops are late this year.
\(\Rightarrow\) Because the weather is cold, thr crops are late this year.
5. Mary was worried because Tom was late.
\(\Rightarrow\) Because of Tom's lateness, Mary was worried.
6. Tom walked slowly because his leg was bad.
\(\Rightarrow\) Because of Tom's bad leg, he walked slowly.
7. I came here because I want the English course.
\(\Rightarrow\) Because of wanting the English course, I came here.
8. I went to school although it was hot
\(\Rightarrow\) Despite the hot weather, I went to school.
9. Because of the dust in the room, I can't go in.
\(\Rightarrow\) Because there is the dust in the room, I can't go in.
10. Because of too much smoke, we have to wear masks.
\(\Rightarrow\) Because there is too much smole, we have to wear masks.
Good luck!
II/ Rewrite these sentences, using because:
1. Due to the cold weather, we stayed home.
\(\Rightarrow\) Because the weather was cold, we stayed home.
2. Most people hear jogging is a good exercise, so they begin to jog.
\(\Rightarrow\) Because most people hear jogging is a good exercise, they begin to jog.
3. People like to live in this country because of it's healthy climate.
\(\Rightarrow\) People like to live in this country because the climate is healthy.
4. A computer can be used for various purposes, so it becomes very popular now a days.
\(\Rightarrow\) Because a computer can be used for various purposes, it becomes very popular now a days.
5. Stacey retired in 1987, partly because of ill health.
\(\Rightarrow\) Stacey retired in 1987, partly because she was ill.
6. We were late for the meeting due to the heavy traffic.
\(\Rightarrow\) We were late for the meeting because the traffic was heavy.
7. Harry had to stay in hospital because of his broken leg.
\(\Rightarrow\) Harry had to stay in hospital because his leg was broken.
8. Our leader couldn't attend the meeting, so it was canceled.
\(\Rightarrow\) Because our leader couldn't attend the meeting, it was canceled.
9. The young couple decided not to the buy the house because of it's dilapidated condition.
\(\Rightarrow\) The young couple decided not to the buy the house because the condition was dilapidated.
10. I always enjoyed mathematics in high school, so I decided to major in it in college.
\(\Rightarrow\) Because I always enjoyed mathematics in high school, I decided to major in it in college.
Good luck!
1. Although Lan is ill, she still takes part in the contest.
In spite of being ill, Lan still takes part in the contest
2. Despite the bad weather,they decided to go on a picnic
→ Although the weather was bad, they decided to go on a picnic
3. The test is too difficult for us to do in one hour
→ Because the test is difficult, we can't do it in one hour
4. They cancelled the match because of the heavy rain.
Since it rain heavily, they cancelled the match
5.Nam tries his best to learn English to communicate with the foreigners.
{Rewrite the sentence, using A dependent clause of purpose)
Nam tries his best to learn English so that he could communicate with the foreigners.
6. My father drives carefully. He doesn't want to cause accidents.
(using "so that " My father drives carefully so that he doesn't cause accidents.
7. He had breakfast. Then he went to the park. (Using A dependent clause of time to combine)
After he had had breakfast, he went to the park
8.II help you to improve your English in my free time. (Using A dependent clause of time)
When I am free, I wiII help you to improve your English
1. Mary tried to keep calm although she was very disappointed.-> Despite...being disappointed, Mary tried to keep calm
2. Even though it was raining heavily, the explorers decided to coninue their journey. -> In spite of...heavy rain, the explorers decided to coninue their journey.
3. Despite his ability to do the job, he was not offered the position.-> Although...he can do the job, he was not offered the position.
4. He had worked very hard but he failed.-> Even though ...working hard, he failed.
5. Although Tom was a poor students, he studied very well. ->In spite of...being poor, tom studied very well.
7. Although the weather was bad, she went to school on time.-> Despite...the bad weather, she went to school on time
8. My mother told me to go to school although I was sick.-> In spite of...my sickness, My mother told me to go to school
9. Although there was a big storm, they decided to leave hom. ->In spite of.... a big storm, they decided to leave hom.
10. Tom was admitted to the university although his grades were bad. -> Despite ....tom's bad grades, he was admitted to the university
1 In spite of Lan's illness, she stil came to the meeting
2 Although it rained, they went to work
3 As He was sick, he couldn't go to school
3. In spite of Lan's illness, she still came to the meeting.
4. Although it was rain, they went to work.
5. As he was sick, he couldn't go to school.