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\(S=\frac{101}{102}+\frac{1}{1.2.2.3}+\frac{1}{2.3.2.3}+\frac{1}{3.4.2.3}+...+\frac{1}{17.18.2.3}=\frac{101}{102}+\frac{1}{6}\left(\frac{1}{1.2}+\frac{1}{2.3}+\frac{1}{3.4}+...+\frac{1}{17.18}\right)\)
Đặt BT trong ngoặc đơn là A
\(A=\frac{2-1}{1.2}+\frac{3-2}{2.3}+\frac{4-3}{3.4}+...+\frac{18-17}{17.18}=1-\frac{1}{18}=\frac{17}{18}\)
\(S=\frac{101}{120}+\frac{1}{6}.\frac{17}{18}\)
1.
A=\(\dfrac{3\left|x\right|+2}{\left|x\right|-5}=\dfrac{3\left|x\right|-15+17}{\left|x\right|-5}=\dfrac{3\left(\left|x\right|-5\right)+17}{\left|x\right|-5}=\dfrac{3\left(\left|x\right|-5\right)}{\left|x\right|-5}+\dfrac{17}{\left|x-5\right|}=3+\dfrac{17}{\left|x\right|-5}\)
Để A \(\in\)Z thì \(\left|x\right|-5\inƯ\left(17\right)=\left\{-17;-1;1;17\right\}\)
Ta có :
\(\left|x\right|-5=-17\Rightarrow\left|x\right|=-12\left(KTM\right)\)
\(\left|x\right|-5=-1\Rightarrow\left|x\right|=4\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=4\\x=-4\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\left|x\right|-5=1\Rightarrow\left|x\right|=6\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=6\\x=-6\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\left|x\right|-5=17\Rightarrow\left|x\right|=32\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=32\\x=-32\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy để A \(\in\)Z thì x \(\in\) {-32;-6;-4;4;6;32}
a) Giả sử \(S_n=1^2+2^2+3^2+...+n^2=\dfrac{n\left(n+1\right)\left(2n+1\right)}{6}\left(\forall n\inℕ^∗\right)\)
- Với \(n=1:\)
\(S_n=\dfrac{1.\left(1+1\right)\left(2.1+1\right)}{6}=\dfrac{2.3}{6}=1\left(luôn.đúng\right)\)
- Với \(n=k:\)
\(S_k=1^2+2^2+3^2+...+k^2=\dfrac{k\left(k+1\right)\left(2k+1\right)}{6}\left(\forall k\inℕ^∗\right)\left(luôn.đúng\right)\)
- Với \(n=k+1:\)
\(S_{k+1}=1^2+2^2+3^2+...+k^2+\left(k+1\right)^2\)
\(\Rightarrow S_{k+1}=\dfrac{k\left(k+1\right)\left(2k+1\right)}{6}+\left(k+1\right)^2\)
\(\Rightarrow S_{k+1}=\dfrac{k\left(k+1\right)\left(2k+1\right)+6\left(k+1\right)^2}{6}\)
\(\Rightarrow S_{k+1}=\dfrac{\left(k+1\right)\left[k\left(2k+1\right)+6\left(k+1\right)\right]}{6}\)
\(\Rightarrow S_{k+1}=\dfrac{\left(k+1\right)\left[2k^2+7k+6\right]}{6}\)
\(\Rightarrow S_{k+1}=\dfrac{\left(k+1\right)\left[2k^2+3k+4k+6\right]}{6}\)
\(\Rightarrow S_{k+1}=\dfrac{\left(k+1\right)\left[2k\left(k+\dfrac{3}{2}\right)+4\left(k+\dfrac{3}{2}\right)\right]}{6}\)
\(\Rightarrow S_{k+1}=\dfrac{\left(k+1\right)\left[\left(2k+4\right)\left(k+\dfrac{3}{2}\right)\right]}{6}\)
\(\Rightarrow S_{k+1}=\dfrac{\left(k+1\right)\left[\left(k+2\right)\left(2k+3\right)\right]}{6}\) (Đúng với \(n=k+1\))
Vậy \(S_n=1^2+2^2+3^2+...+n^2=\dfrac{n\left(n+1\right)\left(2n+1\right)}{6}\left(\forall n\inℕ^∗\right)\left(dpcm\right)\)