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1. play
2. are
3. to
4. you
5. an
6. lots
7. book
8. yourself
9. playing
10. without
Learning a language is, in some way, like learning how to fly or (1) ___play____ the piano. There (2) ___some_____ important differences, but there is a very important similarity. It is this: learning how
(3) ___to__ do such things needs lots of practice. It is never simply to “know” something. You must be able to “do” things with what (4) you___know. For example, it is not simply enough to read a book on how to fly (5) __an_____ aeroplane. A book can give you (6) ___lots____of information about how to fly, but if only read a (7) __book_____ and then try to fly without a great deal of practice first, you will crash and kill (8) ___yourself____ . The same is true of (9) __playing____ the piano. So you think it is simply enough to read about it? Can you play the piano (10) ____without___ having lots of practice first?
Think of all the things you throw away: juice bottles, soda cans, candy wrappers. It adds up. How much trash do you produce?
Americans throw away an average of 1 ton of trash per person every year. Most of this trash gets buried in big holes in the ground called landfills.
A lot of this garbage can be recycled, or turned back into something useful. Just about any material can be recycled. The main things we recycle today are made from metal, paper, glass, or plastic.
People recycle for many reasons. One of the main reasons is to conserve resources. Making new aluminum cans out of old ones means less aluminum is needed for new cans.
This leads to a second reason people recycle: It saves energy. Recycling old aluminum cans takes a lot less energy than making new aluminum. To make new aluminum, you need to mine metal ore from the ground, remove the impurities, and refine it into a finished metal.
Recycling also conserves valuable land. By recycling, we produce less garbage. That means fewer landfills are needed for dumping our trash.
Think of all the things you throw away: juice bottles, soda cans, candy wrappers. It adds up. (1)..How.. much trash do you produce?
Americans throw away an average of 1 ton of trash per person(2) ..every.. year. Most of this trash gets buried (3)..in.. big holes in the ground called landfills.
A lot of this garbage can be recycled, or turned back (4)..into.. something useful. Just about any material can be recycled. The main things we recycle today are (5)..made.. from metal, paper, glass, or plastic.
People recycle for many reasons. One of the (6)..main.. reasons is to conserve resources. Making new aluminum cans out of old ones means less aluminum is needed (7)..for.. new cans.
This leads to a second reason people recycle: It saves energy. Recycling old aluminum cans takes a lot (8)..of..energy than making new aluminum. To make new aluminum, you (9)..need.. to mine metal ore from the ground, remove the impurities, and refine it into a finished metal.
Recycling also conserves valuable land. (10)..By.. recycling, we produce less garbage. That means fewer landfills are needed for dumping our trash.
II. Read the passage and complete the sentences. True (T) or false (F).
Air pollution is a serious problem in many cities. Motor vehicles, factories and other sources create so much air pollution that it may hang in the air like dirty fog. Air pollution threatens the health of the people who live in cities. City wastes cause water pollution when they are poured into the waterways. These wastes kill fish and make some areas unfit for swimming. In addition, many large cities have difficulties in disposing of their garbage. The amount of garbage grows each year, but places to put it are quickly filling up. Citizens, governments, industries, scientists, and business people must work together in different ways to gradually reduce pollution. For example, most cities have introduced recycling programmes.
¨ 1. Motor vehicles and factories are among some sources of air pollution. T
¨ 2. Air pollution doesn’t endanger people’s health in some cities. F
¨ 3. Air pollution is the only problem of the environment mentioned in this passage.F
¨ 4. Garbage disposal is a problem in many large cities.T
¨ 5. Everyone must cooperate to reduce pollution.T
6. We can reduce pollution by recycling programmes only. F
A. If people breathed contaminated air, they had breathing problems.
B. If people breathed contaminated air, they would have breathing problems.
C. If people breath contaminated air, they have breathing problems.
D. If people breath contaminated air, they will have breathing problems.
Đáp án: D
DGiải thích: câu điều kiện loại 1 “If + S V(s/es), S will V”
Dịch: Nếu mọi người hít thở không khí ô nhiễm, họ sẽ có vấn đề về hô hấp.
Question 2: Many/ people/ this area/ have/ cholera/ because/ they/ drink/ untreat/ water.
A. Many people in this area have cholera because they drink untreated water.
B. Many people on this area have cholera because they drink untreated water.
C. Many people on this area have cholera because they drink untreating water.
D. Many people in this area have cholera because they drink untreating water.
Đáp án: A
Giải thích: in + địa điểm: ở nơi nào
Have cholera: bị bệnh tả
Untreated water: nước thải chưa qua xử lý
Dịch: Nhiều người ở khu vực này bị bênh tả vì uống nước chưa qua xử lý.
Question 3: The street/ not/ look/ attractive/ because/ there/ be/ a lot of/ rubbish.
A. The street not look attractive because there’s a lot of rubbish.
B. The street not look attractive because there’re a lot of rubbish.
C. The street doesn’t look attractive because there’s a lot of rubbish.
D. The street don’t look attractive because there’re a lot of rubbish.
Đáp án:C
Giải thích: chủ ngữ số ít đi với động từ số ít
Dịch: Con đường trong chẳng đẹp vì có nhiều rác quá.
Question 4:The music club/ be/ make/ so/ much noise/ that/ the residents/ require/ them/ turn/ the music/ down
A. The music club is making so much noise that the residents require them to turn the music down.
B. The music club is make so much noise that the residents require them to turn the music down.
C. The music club be make so much noise that the residents require them to turn the music down.
D. The music club be making so much noise that the residents require them to turn the music down.
Đáp án: A
Giải thích: cấu trúc “be + so + adj + that + S V”: quá…đến nỗi mà…
Require sb to V:yêu cầu ai làm gì
Dịch: Câu lạc bộ âm nhạc làm ồn quá đến nỗi mà cư dân phải yêu cầu họ nhỏ tiếng lại.
Question 5:Visual/ pollution/ prevent/ us/ see/ far/ away.
A. Visual pollution prevents us from seeing far away.
B. Visual pollution prevents us with seeing far away.
C. Visual pollution prevents us on seeing far away.
D. Visual pollution prevents us of seeing far away.
Đáp án: A
Giải thích: cấu trúc “prevent sb from doing st”: ngăn ai khỏi việc làm gì
Dịch: Ô nhiễm tầm nhìn khiến chúng ta khó khăn trong việc nhìn xa.
Rearrange the sentences to make meaningful sentences
Question 6: What/ pollution/ to/ is/ types/ the/ of/ most/ human/ harmful?
A. What pollution of types is the most harmful to human?
B. What types of pollution is the most harmful to human?
C. What the most types of pollution is harmful to human?
D. What is types of pollution harmful the most to human?
Đáp án: B
Giải thích: cụm từ “type of N”: loại gì
Be harmful to sb: có hại với ai
Câu so sánh nhất với tính từ dài: “Be the most + adj dài”
Dịch: Loại ô nhiễm nào có hại nhất đối với con người?
Question 7: poison/ Sewages/ lakes/ from/ such/ and/ water/ factories/ bodies/ as/ rivers
A. Sewages as rivers from factories poison water bodies such and lakes.
B. Sewages and lakes from factories poison water bodies such as rivers.
C. Sewages from factories poison rivers and lakes such as water bodies.
D. Sewages from factories poison water bodies such as rivers and lakes.
Đáp án: D
Giải thích: poison: gây độc, đầu độc
Dịch: Nước thải từ các nhà máy làm độc hại các vùng nước như hồ, sông,…
Question 8: of/ are/ Plas/ of/ source/ the/ main/ bags/ one/ pollution.
A. Plas bags are the one of main source of pollution.
B. Plas bags are one of source of the main pollution.
C. Plas bags are one of the main source of pollution.
D. Plas of bags are one pollution of the main source.
Đáp án:C
Giải thích: cấu trúc “one of the + Ns”: một trong những…
Dịch:Túi nilon là một trong những nguồn chính gây
Question 9: in/ food/ Soil/ results/ contamination/ unsafe
A. Soil food results in unsafe contamination.
B. Soil contamination results in unsafe food.
C. Soil unsafe results in food contamination.
D. Soil results in contamination unsafe food
Đáp án: B
Giải thích: cụm từ “result in”: gây ra
Dịch: Ô nhiễm đất gây ra thực phẩm không đảm bảo an toàn.
Question 10: If there were more trees in the area, the air would be fresher.
A. If there were more trees in the area, the air would be fresher.
B. If were there more trees in the area, the air would be fresher.
C. If there would be more trees in the area, the air were fresher.
D. If the air were more trees in the area, there would be fresher.
Đáp án: A
Giải thích: cấu trúc there + be + N: có…
Câu điều kiện loại 2
Dịch: Nếu có nhiều cây hơn ở khu này, không khí sẽ trong lành hơn
Rewrite sentences without changing the meaning
Question 11: It’s very wasteful to apply lights in almost everything at night.
A. Apply lights in almost everything at night is very wasteful.
B. To apply lights in almost everything at night is not wasteful.
C. Almost everything is wasteful at night.
D. It’s interesting to apply lights in almost everything at night.
Đáp án:A
Giải thích: cấu trúc “it’s + adj + to V”: thật là như thế nào khi làm gì
Dịch: Thật là lãng phí khi lắp điện ở hầu hết mọi thứ vào buổi tối.
Question 12: The soil is poisoned because farmers use too many pesides and herbicides.
A. Famers use too many pesides and herbicides, but the soil is poisoned.
B. Famers use too many pesides and herbicides, for the soil is poisoned.
C. Famers use too many pesides and herbicides, so the soil is poisoned.
D. Famers use too many pesides and herbicides, or the soil is poisoned.
Đáp án: C
Giải thích: so + mệnh đề: vì vậy
Dịch: Đất đai bị ô nhiễm vì nông dân dùng quá nhiều thuốc trừ sâu và diệt cỏ.
Question 13:If you don’t stop swimming in that lake, you will have a rash.
A. Unless you don’t stop swimming in that lake, you will have a rash.
B. Unless you stop swimming in that lake, you will have a rash.
C. If you don’t keep swimming in that lake, you will have a rash.
D. Unless you keep stop swimming in that lake, you will have a rash.
Đáp án:B
Giải thích: Unless = if…not…: nếu không, trừ phi
Stop Ving: ngừng làm gì <> keep Ving: cứ tiếp tục làm gì
Dịch: Nếu bạn không ngừng bơi ở cái hồ đó, bạn sẽ bị nổi mẩn ngứa đó.
Question 14: The polluted water results in the death of many aqua animals and plants
A. The polluted water causes in the death of many aqua animals and plants.
B. The polluted water leads to the death of many aqua animals and plants.
C. The polluted water causes to the death of many aqua animals and plants.
D. The polluted water leads in the death of many aqua animals and plants.
Đáp án: B
Giải thích: lead to = result in = cause: gây ra cái gì
Dịch: Nước ô nhiễm gây ra cái chết của nhiều loài thuỷ sinh.
Question 15:People use a lot of vehicles. The air is polluted.
A. If people don’t use too many vehicles, the air won’t be polluted.
B. If people won’t use too many vehicles, the air don’t be polluted.
C. If people wouldn’t use too many vehicles, the air didn’t be polluted.
D. If people didn’t use too many vehicles, the air wouldn’t be polluted.
Đáp án: D
Giải thích: Câu điều kiện loại 2: If + S +Ved, S would V
Dịch: Nếu con người không dùng quá nhiều phương tiện giao thông, không khí sẽ không bị ô nhiễm.
Just a few years ago, this place was called Dumptown. The people living here didn't think much about where waste went when they threw it out. Things that could be reused or recycled were thrown in the trash, because nobody believed recycling made a difference. And, eventually, that became a very big problem.The garbage heap grew and began to smell. Sometimes it caught fire, and making it hard for everyone to breathe. Dumptowners knew they had to fix it.They learned to reduce the amount of waste they threw away. For example, they learned to reuse things like washing out empty jars instead of throwing them away. And, they learned to recycle. They set up bins around town to collect glass, paper, and other things, then made into new products.
1. The people living in Dumptown_______.
a. didn't think much about where the waste went
b. threw things that could be reused or recycled into the trash
c. didn't believe that recycling could make a difference
d. all are correct
2. Which of the following could replace the word 'trash' in line 3?
a. garbage b. rubbish c. compost d. a & b
3. What does the word 'them' in the line 8 refer to?
a.empty jars b. the garbage heap c. the trash d. Dumptowners
4. What were the Dumptown's problems?
...................The people living here didn't think much about where waste went when they threw it out............................................................
5. Did they learn to reuse empty jars instead of throwing them away?
.......................no.........................................................................................
6. What did they do to solve their problems?
.................................They learned to reduce the amount of waste they threw away. For example, they learned to reuse things like washing out empty jars instead of throwing them away. And, they learned to recycle. They set up bins around town to collect glass, paper, and other things, then made into new products..................................................
Just a few years ago, this place was called Dumptown. The people living here didn't think much about where waste went when they threw it out. Things that could be reused or recycled were thrown in the trash, because nobody believed recycling made a difference. And, eventually, that became a very big problem.The garbage heap grew and began to smell. Sometimes it caught fire, and making it hard for everyone to breathe. Dumptowners knew they had to fix it.They learned to reduce the amount of waste they threw away. For example, they learned to reuse things like washing out empty jars instead of throwing them away. And, they learned to recycle. They set up bins around town to collect glass, paper, and other things, then made into new products.
1. The people living in Dumptown_______.
a. didn't think much about where the waste went
b. threw things that could be reused or recycled into the trash
c. didn't believe that recycling could make a difference
d. all are correct
2. Which of the following could replace the word 'trash' in line 3?
a. garbage b. rubbish c. compost d. a & b
3. What does the word 'them' in the line 8 refer to?
a.empty jars b. the garbage heap c. the trash d. Dumptowners
4. What were the Dumptown's problems?
The people living here didn't think much about where waste went when they threw it out. Things that could be reused or recycled were thrown in the trash, because nobody believed recycling made a difference. And, eventually, that became a very big problem.The garbage heap grew and began to smell. Sometimes it caught fire, and making it hard for everyone to breathe.
5. Did they learn to reuse empty jars instead of throwing them away?
Yes, they did.
6. What did they do to solve their problems?
They learned to reduce the amount of waste they threw away. For example, they learned to reuse things like washing out empty jars instead of throwing them away. And, they learned to recycle. They set up bins around town to collect glass, paper, and other things, then made into new products.
1b
2c
3d
4a