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Choose the best answer for each of the following sentences.
1. In my experiments, the liquid is cooled to 32oF. It always freezes.
A. If you cool the liquid to 32 degrees, it froze.
B. If you cooled the liquid to 32 degrees, it would freeze.
C. If you cool the liquid to 32 degrees, it will freeze.
D. If you had cooled the liquid to 32 degrees, it would have frozen.
2. It may rain this afternoon. I hope it doesn't because I don't want the match to be cancelled.
A. If it rains, the match is cancelled.
B. If it rains, the match will be cancelled.
C. If it rained, the match would be cancelled.
D. If it had rained, the match would have been cancelled.
3. Unfortunately, I don't know Philosophy, so I can't answer your question.
A. If I know Philosophy, I can answer your question.
B. If I know Philosophy, I will be able to answer your question.
C. If I knew Philosophy, I would be able to answer your question.
D. If I had known Philosophy, I would have been able to answer your question.
4. ______ there are some more ideas, we can end the meeting now.
A. If
B. As if
C. Unless
D. In case
5. If he ______ with us now, he _____ the beauty of nature of the National Park.
A. is / can enjoy
B. was / will enjoy
C. has been / would enjoy
D. were / could enjoy
6. If they had searched more carefully, they _____ the watch sooner.
A. will find
B. would find
C. found
D. would have found
7. If I had got up early, I _______ to have breakfast now.
A. have
B. had
C. would have
D. would have had
8. I cannot buy a new computer ____ I save enough money.
A. if
B. even if
C. unless
D. as if
9. Most people you meet will be polite to you ______ .
A. if you are polite to them
B. if you will be polite to them
C. unless you are polite to them
D. if you were polite to them
10. If you do so, it _____ the matter worse.
A. makes only
B. would only make
C. will only make
D. had only made
11. You ______ English fluently unless you practice it every day.
A. will speak
B. will not speak
C. can speak
D. did not speak
12. Hurry up ______ you will miss the bus and be late for school.
A. if
B. and
C. or
D. as
13. You will get a good seat if you ______ first.
A. come
B. came
C. have come
D. will come
14. Sam will not graduate _______ .
A. if he passed all the tests
B. if he does not pass all the tests
C. unless he passes all the tests
D. unless he had passed all the tests
Give the correct form of the words given to complete the sentences.
1.The _______contaminaion_______ of lakes, rivers, oceans or underwater CONTAMINATE
water pollution.
2. The street doesn’t look_______attractive______ because it has a lot of rubbish.ATTRACT
3. The music club made so much noise that the_____residents_____ complained to REDIDE
its owner.
4. Are all types of pollution_____harmful_____ to the health of humans and animals? HARM
5. The______environmentalists_______ are concerned about the oil spills in East Sea. ENVIROMENT
6. Dumping ______industrial_____waste into the lakes and rivers has caused INDUSTRY
Serious water pollution.
7. Many people in this area have cholera because they drink ____untreated_____water. TREAT
8.Examples of primary________pollutants________are exhaust fumes from cars, POLLUTE
soot from smoke and ash from volcanic eruption.
9. If we use water______carefully______ , more people will have fresh water. CARE
10. The polluted water results in the ____death_____of many aquatic animals DIE
And plants.
III. Combine the sentences in each pair into a new sentence that shows a cause/effect relationship. Use the words in brackets.
1.Many rivers and lakes are poisoned. Factories produce waste and pour it into rivers and lakes. (because)
-> Because factories produce waste and pour it into rivers and lakes, many rivers and lakes are poisoned.
2. The environment is polluted. Birds leave their habitats and plants die. (make)
-> The pollution of the environment makes birds leave their habitats and plants die.
3. Plastic bags are a major source of waste. We should not throw plastic bags everywhere. (so).
-> Plastic bags are a major source of waste so we should not throw plastic bags everywhere.
4. The food is contaminated. People’s health is poor. (results in)
-> The contamination of the food results in people's poor health.
5. Factories release fumes. The air breathe gets polluted. (due to)
-> The air breathe gets polluted due to the release of fumes from factories.
IV. Combine each pair of sentences to form a conditional sentence, using “if” Type 2.
1.The factory is located near our village. There is air pollution and noise pollution.
-> If the factory weren't located near our village, there wouldn't be air pollution and noise pollution.
2. The local people have to use water from the polluted river. They don’t have fresh water.
-> If the local people had fresh water, they wouldn't have to use water from the polluted river.
3. Trees and grasses cannot grow here. The soil is badly polluted.
-> If the soil weren't badly polluted, trees and grass could grow here.
4. Mr Quang works in a noisy environment. His hearing becomes worse.
-> If Mr Quang didn't work in a noisy environment, his hearing wouldn't become worse.
Give the correct form of the words given to complete the sentences.
1.The _______contaminaion_______ of lakes, rivers, oceans or underwater CONTAMINATE
water pollution.
2. The street doesn’t look_______attractive______ because it has a lot of rubbish.ATTRACT
3. The music club made so much noise that the_____residents_____ complained to REDIDE
its owner.
4. Are all types of pollution_____harmful_____ to the health of humans and animals? HARM
5. The______environmentalists_______ are concerned about the oil spills in East Sea. ENVIROMENT
6. Dumping ______industrial_____waste into the lakes and rivers has caused INDUSTRY
Serious water pollution.
7. Many people in this area have cholera because they drink ____untreated_____water. TREAT
8.Examples of primary________pollutants________are exhaust fumes from cars, POLLUTE
soot from smoke and ash from volcanic eruption.
9. If we use water______carefully______ , more people will have fresh water. CARE
10. The polluted water results in the ____death_____of many aquatic animals DIE
And plants.
III. Combine the sentences in each pair into a new sentence that shows a cause/effect relationship. Use the words in brackets.
1.Many rivers and lakes are poisoned. Factories produce waste and pour it into rivers and lakes. (because)
-> Because factories produce waste and pour it into rivers and lakes, many rivers and lakes are poisoned.
2. The environment is polluted. Birds leave their habitats and plants die. (make)
-> The pollution of the environment makes birds leave their habitats and plants die.
3. Plastic bags are a major source of waste. We should not throw plastic bags everywhere. (so).
-> Plastic bags are a major source of waste so we should not throw plastic bags everywhere.
4. The food is contaminated. People’s health is poor. (results in)
-> The contamination of the food results in people's poor health.
5. Factories release fumes. The air breathe gets polluted. (due to)
-> The air breathe gets polluted due to the release of fumes from factories.
IV. Combine each pair of sentences to form a conditional sentence, using “if” Type 2.
1.The factory is located near our village. There is air pollution and noise pollution.
-> If the factory weren't located near our village, there wouldn't be air pollution and noise pollution.
2. The local people have to use water from the polluted river. They don’t have fresh water.
-> If the local people had fresh water, they wouldn't have to use water from the polluted river.
3. Trees and grasses cannot grow here. The soil is badly polluted.
-> If the soil weren't badly polluted, trees and grass could grow here.
4. Mr Quang works in a noisy environment. His hearing becomes worse.
-> If Mr Quang didn't work in a noisy environment, his hearing wouldn't become worse.
Part 2: Study sentences from a letter to a newspaper. Decide what is the correct order of the sentences.
Dear sir,
g. I am writing to you because I’d like to say aomething about the problem of litter in our cities.
d. Yesterday I was walking to work, and I noiced that the street was covered in sweet wrappings, cigarette packets and old nespapers.
a. There were so much litter on the pavement that I felt I was walking over a rubbish- heap, not along the city street.
k. What can we do about this problem?
i. First of all, I think that the public should stop dropping things in the street
e. It is quite easy to take your rubbish home with you instead of throwing it away.
j. Secondly, I think that the local council should put more litter- bins in the street.
c. Then if people have a lot of litter, they can put it in the bins.
h. Finally it would be a good idea if there were more street cleaners.
f. We hear on the radio that thousand of people are unemployed.
b. I think that this would ne a good job for them to do.
Your faithfully,
Lionel Haddock- Willis
Question 1. Choose ONE appropriate question in the box to each paragraph below:
1/ How do industry and transport cause pollution?
2/ How can I help?
3/ What is the pollution?
4/ How can industry help?
5/ What cause pollution?
6/ What about air pollution?
A. _3__ Pollution is the poisoning of the land, sea and air.
B. __5_ Mainly industry and transport. If you go to any city, you will see too many
factories, too many cars with not enough people in them, and not enough public transport.
C. __1_ Factories and vehicles produce waste which goes into the air and rivers and
spreads all over the land. Poisons in the waste build up over the years and harm trees,
plants, animals, and people.
D. _6__ Waste gases build up in the air, and dissolve into raindrops, forming a weak
acid. This "acid rain" can fall far away from the country which produced it, killing trees in
forests and fish in lakes and rivers.
E. _4__ If companies clean their waste gases before releasing them into the
atmosphere, there'll be much less air pollution and no acid rain. But this can be expensive
and it needs all the world's companies to do it.
F. _2__ Cars pollute the atmosphere. Walk, cycle and use public transport as much as
possible. Only use your car when you really need to, and use unleaded petrol if you can -
lead is one of the most dangerous ingredients in petrol. Join us, and help us to campaign for
cleaner air for everybody.
1. After the accident, many people were exposed________ radiation.
A. from B. at C. to D. with
2. Light pollution has a wide range of negative effects________ I’m human health.
A. on B. of C. for D. to
3. ________can cause high blood pressure, heart problems, sleep disturbances, and hearing problems.
A. Air pollution B. Light pollution
C. Water pollution D. Noise pollution
4. The levels of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere have risen________ the burning of fossil fuels.
A. therefore B. because C. in spite of D. due to
5. If rubbish is non-biodegradable, it________ forever.
A. exists B. will exist C. won’t exist
D. doesn’t exist
6. ________are Chemicals that are used to kill unwanted plants, such as weeds.
A. Fertilizers B. Pesticides C. Herbicides D. Pollutants
7. There would be much less pollution________ people stopped using cars completely.
A. if B. since C. when D. although
8. Emissions of pollutants into the air can________ changes to the climate.
A. get on B. end up C. go into D. result in
9. ________can we help save our environment?
A. What B. How C. Why D. How much
10. If we care about plastic waste________.
A. why won’t we stop drinking bottled water?
B. we would use reusable shopping bags
C. we will throw away plastic water bottles.
D. why don’t we buy plastic bags?
Choose the best answer for each of the fllowing sentences
1. ............ if you work harder, you will be sacked.
A. Whether B. If C. However D. Unless
2. I think you should stop smoking.
A. If I am you, I will stop smoking B. If I were you, I will stop smoking
C. If I were you, I would stop smoking D. If I had been you, I would stop smoking
3. If you take the ice out of the fridge, it ...........
A. vaporizes B. melts C. heats D. disappears
4. We should do something to protect water from being polluted ........... we will have nothing to drink in the future.
A. if B. whether C. or D. unless
5. Let's knock on their door to see .......... home.
A. if they're B. unless they're C. whether they were D. if they were
6. Unless we .......... more snow, we can't go skiing.
A. will have B. have C. have had D. had
7. You'll fail the exam ........... you start revising.
A. if B. until C. when D. unless
8. Unless you wash the car, you .............. not drive it at the weekend
A. would B. could C. have to D. may
9. If Peter ............... his car before the drive, he ................ the problem of out of petrol.
A. cheked / will not get B. had checked / would not have got
C. checks / will not have got D. would be checking / will not have got
10. He stepped on the mine, and it exploded.
A. If he doesn't step on the mine, it doesn't explode.
B. If he doesn't step on the mine, it won't explode.
C. If he didn't step on the mine, it wouldn't explode.
D. If he hadn't step on the mine, it wouldn't have exploded.
1.What would happen if water pollution stopped?
2.Would we be happy if air pollution in the world were a better place?
3.If there were no pollution,would the world be a better place?
4.If I were you,I would take these bottles to the bottle bank.
5. If people didn't really care about the environment, they wouldn't try to save it.
6.The river wouldn't be so polluted if the factories didn't dump the waste into it.
7.We would be less worried if oil spills didn't have such destructive effects.
8.If we destroy the ozone layer, what would save us from the UV rays?
1c 2d 3e 4a 5b