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9 tháng 11 2018

Bài 1:

a) CuSO4 + 2NaOH → Na2SO4 + Cu(OH)2

\(n_{CuSO_4}=\dfrac{16}{160}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)

\(n_{NaOH}=\dfrac{12}{40}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)

Theo PT: \(n_{CuSO_4}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{NaOH}\)

Theo bài: \(n_{CuSO_4}=\dfrac{1}{3}n_{NaOH}\)

\(\dfrac{1}{3}< \dfrac{1}{2}\) ⇒ NaOH dư

b) Theo PT: \(n_{Cu\left(OH\right)_2}=m_{CuSO_4}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow m_{Cu\left(OH\right)_2}=0,1\times98=9,8\left(g\right)\)

c) \(\Sigma V_{dd}saupư=40+60=100\left(ml\right)=0,1\left(l\right)\)

Theo PT: \(n_{NaOH}pư=2n_{CuSO_4}=2\times0,1=0,2\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow n_{NaOH}dư=0,3-0,2=0,1\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow C_{M_{NaOH}}dư=\dfrac{0,1}{0,1}=1\left(M\right)\)

Theo PT: \(n_{Na_2SO_4}=n_{CuSO_4}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow C_{M_{Na_2SO_4}}=\dfrac{0,1}{0,1}=1\left(M\right)\)

9 tháng 11 2018

Bài 2:

ZnCl2 + 2NaOH → 2NaCl + Zn(OH)2↓ (1)

\(n_{ZnCl_2}=0,3\times1,5=0,45\left(mol\right)\)

\(n_{NaOH}=0,1\times1=0,1\left(mol\right)\)

Theo PT1: \(n_{ZnCl_2}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{NaOH}\)

Theo bài: \(n_{ZnCl_2}=\dfrac{9}{2}n_{NaOH}\)

\(\dfrac{9}{2}>\dfrac{1}{2}\) ⇒ ZnCl2

a) \(\Sigma V_{dd}saupư=300+100=400\left(ml\right)=0,4\left(l\right)\)

Theo PT1: \(n_{ZnCl_2}pư=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{NaOH}=\dfrac{1}{2}\times0,1=0,05\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow n_{ZnCl_2}dư=0,45-0,05=0,4\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow C_{M_{ZnCl_2}}dư=\dfrac{0,4}{0,4}=1\left(M\right)\)

Theo PT1: \(n_{NaCl}=n_{NaOH}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow C_{M_{NaOH}}=\dfrac{0,1}{0,4}=0,25\left(M\right)\)

b) Zn(OH)2 \(\underrightarrow{to}\) ZnO + H2O (2)

Theo pT1: \(n_{Zn\left(OH\right)_2}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{NaOH}=\dfrac{1}{2}\times0,1=0,05\left(mol\right)\)

Theo pT2: \(n_{ZnO}=n_{Zn\left(OH\right)_2}=0,05\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow m_{ZnO}=0,05\times81=4,05\left(g\right)\)

c) NaOH + HCl → NaCl + H2O (3)

Theo PT: \(n_{HCl}=n_{NaOH}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow m_{HCl}=0,1\times36,5=3,65\left(g\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow m_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{3,65}{25\%}=14,6\left(g\right)\)