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3) Cho 6 gam Mg phản ứng 2,24 lít khí oxi(đktc).Sau phản ứng thu được magie oxit(MgO)
a) viết phường trình hóa học
2Mg + O2 → 2MgO
b) tính khối lượng MgO được tạo thành
mO2 = 2,24/ 22,4 . 16 = 1,6(g)
mMgO = mO2 + mMg = 1,6 + 6 = 7,6(g)
\(PTHH:3Fe+2O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}Fe_3O_4\)
\(Áp.dụng.ĐLBTKL,ta.có:m_{Fe}+m_{O_2}=m_{Fe_3O_4}\\ \Rightarrow m_{O_2}=m_{Fe_3O_4}-m_{Fe}=23,2-16,8=6,4\left(g\right)\\ \Rightarrow n_{O_2}=\dfrac{m}{M}=\dfrac{6,4}{32}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow V_{O_2}=n.22,4=0,2.22,4=4,48\left(l\right)\)
3Fe+2O2->Fe3O4
nFe3O4=23,2/232=0,1 mol
=>nO2=0,1x2=0,2 mol
VO2=0,2x22,4=4,48 l
\(a) n_{O_2} = \dfrac{2,24}{22,4} = 0,1(mol)\\ 3Fe + 2O_2 \xrightarrow{t^o} Fe_3O_4\\ n_{Fe} = \dfrac{3}{2}n_{O_2} = 0,15(mol)\\ m_{Fe} = 0,15.56 = 8,4(gam)\\ b) \%Fe = \dfrac{56.3}{56.3+16.4}.100\% = 72,41\% \%O = 100\% - 72,41\% = 27,59\%\\ c) 2KMnO_4 \xrightarrow{t^o} K_2MnO_4 + MnO_2 + O_2\\ n_{KMnO_4} = 2n_{O_2} = 0,2(mol)\\ m_{KMnO_4} = 0,2.158 = 31,6(gam)\)
\(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{2.24}{22.4}=0.1\left(mol\right)\)
\(3Fe+2O_2\underrightarrow{t^0}Fe_3O_4\)
\(0.15.......0.1......0.05\)
\(m_{Fe_3O_4}=0.05\cdot232=11.6\left(g\right)\)
\(\%Fe=\dfrac{0.05\cdot3\cdot56}{11.6}\cdot100\%=72.41\%\)
\(\%O=10072.41=27.59\%\)
\(2KMnO_4\underrightarrow{t^0}K_2MnO_4+MnO_2+O_2\)
\(0.2...................................................0.1\)
\(m_{_{ }KMnO_4}=0.2\cdot158=31.6\left(g\right)\)
a)
Theo ĐLBTKL: \(m_{Fe\left(bđ\right)}+m_{O_2}=m_X\)
=> \(m_{O_2}=26,4-20=6,4\left(g\right)\)
=> \(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{6,4}{32}=0,2\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow V=0,2.22,4=4,48\left(l\right)\)
b)
PTHH: 3Fe + 2O2 --to--> Fe3O4
0,2------->0,1
=> \(\%m_{Fe_3O_4}=\dfrac{0,1.232}{26,4}.100\%=87,88\%\)
c)
- Nếu dùng KClO3
PTHH: 2KClO3 --to--> 2KCl + 3O2
\(\dfrac{0,4}{3}\)<-----------------0,2
=> \(m_{KClO_3}=\dfrac{0,4}{3}.122,5=\dfrac{49}{3}\left(g\right)\)
- Nếu dùng KMnO4:
PTHH: 2KMnO4 --to--> K2MnO4 + MnO2 + O2
0,4<--------------------------------0,2
=> \(m_{KMnO_4}=0,4.158=63,2\left(g\right)\)
a, mCaO = 0,5.56 = 28 (g)
b, \(n_{CO_2}=\dfrac{6,72}{22,4}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
c, \(n_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{24,5}{98}=0,25\left(mol\right)\)
d, \(V_{hhk}=0,2.22,4+0,3.22,4=11,2\left(l\right)\)
e, \(\%m_{Cu}=\dfrac{64}{64+32+16.4}.100\%=40\%\)
Bạn tham khảo nhé!
a) mCaO=nCaO.M(CaO)=0,5.56=28(g)
b) nCO2=V(CO2,dktc)=6,72/22.4=0,3(mol)
c) nH2SO4=mH2SO4/M(H2SO4)=24,5/98=0,25(mol)
d) V(hh H2,NH3)=(0,3+0,2).22,4=11,2(l)
e) %mCu/CuSO4=(64/160).100=40%
Chúc em học tốt!
\(1,2H_2+O_2\underrightarrow{t}2H_2O\)
\(2Mg+O_2\underrightarrow{t}2MgO\)
\(2Cu+O_2\underrightarrow{t}2CuO\)
\(S+O_2\underrightarrow{t}SO_2\)
\(4Al+3O_2\underrightarrow{t}2Al_2O_3\)
\(C+O_2\underrightarrow{t}CO_2\)
\(4P+5O_2\underrightarrow{t}2P_2O_5\)
\(2,PTHH:C+O_2\underrightarrow{t}CO_2\)
\(a,n_{O_2}=0,2\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow n_{CO_2}=0,2\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{CO_2}=8,8\left(g\right)\)
\(b,n_C=0,3\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow n_{CO_2}=0,3\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{CO_2}=13,2\left(g\right)\)
c, Vì\(\frac{0,3}{1}>\frac{0,2}{1}\)nên C phản ửng dư, O2 phản ứng hết, Bài toán tính theo O2
\(n_{O_2}=0,2\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow n_{CO_2}=0,2\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{CO_2}=8,8\left(g\right)\)
\(3,PTHH:CH_4+2O_2\underrightarrow{t}CO_2+2H_2O\)
\(C_2H_2+\frac{5}{2}O_2\underrightarrow{t}2CO_2+H_2O\)
\(C_2H_6O+3O_2\underrightarrow{t}2CO_2+3H_2O\)
\(4,a,PTHH:4P+5O_2\underrightarrow{t}2P_2O_5\)
\(n_P=1,5\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow n_{O_2}=1,2\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{O_2}=38,4\left(g\right)\)
\(b,PTHH:C+O_2\underrightarrow{t}CO_2\)
\(n_C=2,5\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow n_{O_2}=2,5\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{O_2}=80\left(g\right)\)
\(c,PTHH:4Al+3O_2\underrightarrow{t}2Al_2O_3\)
\(n_{Al}=2,5\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow n_{O_2}=1,875\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{O_2}=60\left(g\right)\)
\(d,PTHH:2H_2+O_2\underrightarrow{t}2H_2O\)
\(TH_1:\left(đktc\right)n_{H_2}=1,5\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow n_{O_2}=0,75\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{O_2}=24\left(g\right)\)
\(TH_2:\left(đkt\right)n_{H_2}=1,4\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow n_{O_2}=0,7\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{O_2}=22,4\left(g\right)\)
\(5,PTHH:S+O_2\underrightarrow{t}SO_2\)
\(n_{O_2}=0,46875\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{SO_2}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
Vì\(0,46875>0,3\left(n_{O_2}>n_{SO_2}\right)\)nên S phản ứng hết, bài toán tính theo S.
\(a,\Rightarrow n_S=n_{SO_2}=0,3\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_S=9,6\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{O_2}\left(dư\right)=0,16875\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{O_2}\left(dư\right)=5,4\left(g\right)\)
\(6,a,PTHH:C+O_2\underrightarrow{t}CO_2\)
\(n_{O_2}=1,5\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow n_C=1,5\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_C=18\left(g\right)\)
\(b,PTHH:2H_2+O_2\underrightarrow{t}2H_2O\)
\(n_{O_2}=1,5\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow n_{H_2}=0,75\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{H_2}=1,5\left(g\right)\)
\(c,PTHH:S+O_2\underrightarrow{t}SO_2\)
\(n_{O_2}=1,5\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow n_S=1,5\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_S=48\left(g\right)\)
\(d,PTHH:4P+5O_2\underrightarrow{t}2P_2O_5\)
\(n_{O_2}=1,5\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow n_P=1,2\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_P=37,2\left(g\right)\)
\(7,n_{O_2}=5\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow V_{O_2}=112\left(l\right)\left(đktc\right)\);\(V_{O_2}=120\left(l\right)\left(đkt\right)\)
\(8,PTHH:C+O_2\underrightarrow{t}CO_2\)
\(m_C=0,96\left(kg\right)\Rightarrow n_C=0,08\left(kmol\right)=80\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow n_{O_2}=80\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow V_{O_2}=1792\left(l\right)\)
\(9,n_p=0,2\left(mol\right);n_{O_2}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
\(PTHH:4P+5O_2\underrightarrow{t}2P_2O_5\)
Vì\(\frac{0,2}{4}< \frac{0,3}{5}\)nên P hết O2 dư, bài toán tính theo P.
\(a,n_{O_2}\left(dư\right)=0,05\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{O_2}\left(dư\right)=1,6\left(g\right)\)
\(b,n_{P_2O_5}=0,1\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{P_2O_5}=14,2\left(g\right)\)
Bài 1:
%mCu= (64/160).100=40%
=> Chọn B
Bài 2:
%mFe(trong FeS)= (56/88).100=63,636%
%mFe(trong FeO)= (56/72).100=77,778%
%mFe(trong Fe3O4)= \(\frac{56.3}{56.3+16.4}.100\approx72,414\%\)
%mFe(trong Fe2O3)= \(\frac{56.2}{56.2+16.3}.100=70\%\)
=> Chọn D
Bài 3:
PTHH: 3 Fe + 2 O2 -to-> Fe3O4
nFe= 16,8/56= 0,3(mol); nFe3O4=23,2/232=0,1(mol)
Ta có: 0,3/3 = 0,1/1
=> P.ứ hết, không có chất dư, tính theo chất nào cũng được.
nO2= 2/3 . nFe= 2/3 . 0,3= 0,2(mol)
=> V(O2,đktc)= 0,2.22,4=4,48(l)
=> Chọn D
Bài 4: mX=mN2= 0,25.28=7(g)
mY=mH2=0,5.2=1(g)
mZ=mO2=0,75.32=24(g)
Vì 24>7>1 => Chiều giảm dần về khối lượng là: Z,X,Y
-> Chọn D
1: B
\(\%Cu=\frac{64}{160}.100\%=40\%\)
2: D
\(\%Fe\left(Fe2O3\right)=\frac{56.2}{160}.100\%=70\%\)
3:D
Áp dụng ĐLBTKL: \(m_{O2}=23,2-16,8=6,4\left(g\right)\)
=> \(n_{O2}=\frac{6,4}{32}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
=> \(V_{O2}=0,2.22,4=4,48\left(l\right)\)
4: C
\(m_X=0,25.28=7\left(g\right)\)
\(m_Y=0,5.34=17\left(g\right)\)
\(m_Z=0,75.32=24\left(g\right)\)