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\(n_{Al}=\dfrac{0,54}{27}=0,02mol\\ n_{H_2SO_4}=0,07.0,5=0,035mol\\ 2Al+3H_2SO_4->Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2\\ \Rightarrow H_2SO_4:dư\\ V=\dfrac{3}{2}.0,02.22,4=0,672L\\ C_{M\left(H_2SO_4\right)}=\dfrac{0,005}{0,07}=0,071M\\ C_{M\left(Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3\right)}=\dfrac{0,01}{0,07}=\dfrac{1}{7}\left(M\right)\\ CuO+H_2-t^{^0}->Cu+H_2O\\ n_{H_2}=0,03mol\\ n_{CuO}=\dfrac{6,4}{80}=0,08\Rightarrow CuO:dư\\ m_{rắn}=6,4-16.0,03=5,92g\)
a, \(Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\)
Ta có: \(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{13}{65}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{ZnCl_2}=n_{H_2}=n_{Zn}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow V_{H_2}=0,2.24,79=4,958\left(l\right)\)
b, \(n_{HCl}=2n_{Zn}=0,4\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow V_{HCl}=\dfrac{0,4}{2}=0,2\left(l\right)\)
c, \(C_{M_{ZnCl_2}}=\dfrac{0,2}{0,2}=1\left(M\right)\)
4) x,y lần lượt là số mol của M và M2O3
=> nOxi=3y=nCO2=0,3 => y=0,1
Đề cho x=y=0,1 =>0,1M+0,1(2M+48)=21,6 =>M=56 => Fe và Fe2O3
=> m=0,1.56 + 0,1.2.56=16,8
2)X + 2HCl === XCl2 + H2
n_h2 = 0,4 => X = 9,6/0,4 = 24 (Mg)
=>V_HCl = 0,4.2/1 = 0,8 l
a, \(m_{HCl}=150.7,3\%=10,95\left(g\right)\Rightarrow n_{HCl}=\dfrac{10,95}{36,5}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
PT: \(Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2\)
Theo PT: \(n_{Mg}=n_{MgCl_2}=n_{H_2}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{HCl}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)
\(m_{Mg}=0,15.24=3,6\left(g\right)\)
b, \(V_{H_2}=0,15.22,4=3,36\left(l\right)\)
c, Ta có: m dd sau pư = 3,6 + 150 - 0,15.2 = 153,3 (g)
\(\Rightarrow C\%_{MgCl_2}=\dfrac{0,15.95}{153,3}.100\%\approx9,3\%\)
$n_{Fe}=\dfrac{2,24}{56}=0,04(mol)$
$a,PTHH:Fe+2HCl\to FeCl_2+H_2$
$b,$ Theo PT: $n_{H_2}=n_{Fe}=0,04(mol)$
$\Rightarrow V_{H_2}=0,04.22,4=0,896(l)$
\(m_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{200.9,8}{100}=19,6\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{19,6}{98}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH :
\(X+H_2SO_4\rightarrow XSO_4+H_2\)
0,2 0,2 0,2 0,2
\(M_X=\dfrac{8}{0,2}=40\left(dvC\right)\)
-> Canxi
\(b,V_{H_2}=0,2.22,4=4,48\left(l\right)\)
\(c,m_{CaSO_4}=0,2.136=27,2\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{ddCaSO_4}=8+200-\left(0,2.2\right)=207,6\left(g\right)\)
\(C\%=\dfrac{27,2}{207,6}.100\%\approx13,1\%\)
\(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{5,6}{56}=0,1\left(mol\right);n_{HCl}=\dfrac{73.20\%}{36,5}=0,4\left(mol\right)\\ a,PTHH:Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\\ b,Vì:\dfrac{0,1}{1}< \dfrac{0,4}{2}\Rightarrow HCl.dư\\ n_{H_2}=n_{FeCl_2}=0,1\left(mol\right);n_{HCl\left(p.ứ\right)}=0,1.2=0,2\left(mol\right);n_{HCl\left(dư\right)}=0,4-0,2=0,2\left(mol\right)\\ b,V_{H_2\left(ĐKTC\right)}=0,1.22,4=2,24\left(l\right)\\ b,m_{ddsau}=5,6+73-0,1.2=78,4\left(g\right)\\ C\%_{ddHCl\left(dư\right)}=\dfrac{0,2.36,5}{78,4}.100\approx9,311\%\\ C\%_{ddFeCl_2}=\dfrac{127.0,1}{78,4}.100\approx16,199\%\)
a)\(n_{CuO}=\dfrac{16}{80}=0,2mol\)
\(CuO+H_2\underrightarrow{t^o}Cu+H_2O\)
b)\(n_{Na}=\dfrac{4,6}{23}=0,2mol\)
\(n_{H_2O}=\dfrac{100}{18}=\dfrac{50}{9}mol\)
\(2Na+2H_2O\rightarrow2NaOH+H_2\)
\(0,2\) \(\dfrac{50}{9}\) 0 0
\(0,2\) 0,2 0,2 0,1
0 \(5,35\) 0,2 0,1
\(V_{H_2}=0,1\cdot22,4=2,24l\)