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Choose the best option:
1.London,.....capital of England,is located on.....River Thames
A.The/a. B.a/the C.a/a D.the/the
2.......people who live in Britain are called.....British
A.the/a. B.a/the C.a/a D.the/the
3.Don't forget we're meeting on.....Friday for....lunch
A.x/a B.a/x C.x/x D.x/the
4.Listening to music on.....radio is one of.....cheapest kinds of entertainment.
A.the/a B.a/the C.a/a D.the/the
5.I like.....classical music but my brothers prefer.....jazz.
A.x/a B.a/x C.x/x D.x/the
6.There is..... university in our town
A.a B.an C.the D.x(no artcle)
7.Is that.....Present Bill gave you for.....Christmas?
A.the/x B.a/the C.a/x D.the/the
8.There will be.....good film at.....cinema next week.
A.the/the B.a/a C.a/the D.the/a
9.Different activities should be carried out to raise.....awareness of our people about ecotourism.
A.a B.an C.the D.x
10.After having enough money,he bought his children.....Lg television.
A.x B a C.the D.an
A food chain is the way energy goes from one living thing to another through food. Plants are the first (16) _______ in most food chains. Plants use the energy in sunlight to make their own food. Plants store the energy in their leaves and stems. Plants are called primary producers in food chains. Animals eat the plants (17) _______ use the Sun's energy to grow. Animals are called (18) _______. Animals that eat plants are primary consumers. Animals that eat other animals are secondary consumers. Animals store the energy in their bodies. Energy flows (19) _______ plants and bigger animals through the steps of eating and being eaten. Each part of the food chain is directly connected to the other, just (20) _______ the links in a chain.
16. A. step B. foot C. run D. leg
17. A. when B. what C. that D. then
18. A. buyers B. shoppers C. sellers D. consumers
19. A. in B. from C. for D. till
20. A. as B. alike C. similar D. like
Compelete the sentences with the correct form of words
1. She likes traditional Asian food and her friends do,too. (too)
2. How many assistant chefs are there in the kitchen? (be)
3. They ate beef steak two days ago (eat)
4. I don't like greasy food, my friend doesn't, either. (either)
5. He is responsible for cooking the main course (cook)
6. I think Vietnamese food is delicious, my mother does, too.(too)
7. There isn't any milk in the fridge? (quantity adjective)
8. There are many dishes on the table. (be)
9. How much is the bill? (quantity adjective)
10. Which main courses did you order last night? (order)
1. What is the main topic of the passage?
A. The role of the female honeybee
B. Preventing fermentation in honey
C. Why honeybees build huge wax nests
D. How a honeybee colony works to make honey
2. What can be inferred from the passage about honey?
A. It's not always the same color
B. It is only liked by a minority of people
C. Watery honey can go bad easily
D. It is created and cared for by the queen bee
3. What do honeybees do to prevent fermentation?
A. Blow air on the honey by waving their wings
B. Overproduce honey using their legs
C. Feed the larvae the unfermented honey
D. Bring the honey to the honeycomb cells
4. According to the passage, which of the following is NOT true of honeybees?
A. They work together in their colony.
B. They produce honey through a complex process
C. The queen bee is responsible for making honey
D The worker bees work both inside and outside of their hive.
VII. Rewrite the part in italics in each sentence by using the compound “noun + V-ing”.
Example: Korea has developed its industry of makingcars very quickly.
-> Korea has developed its car making industryveryquickly.
1. Many people have actively responded to the campaign for planning family.
-> Many people have actively responded to the................family planning campaign.........................................................................
2. Our team won the contest for making a fire, but lost the contest for cooking rice.
-> Our team won the fire-making contest , but lost the rice-cooking contest...............................................................................................................
3. China is the country where they export labors.
-> ...................China is the labor exporting country ........................
4. My friend competed in a game in which each participant had to ride his/ her bike round and rounD.
-> ...................... My friend competed in a round-and-round bike riding contest
...................................................................................................................
5. Our school is going to hold a contest in which students just speak English.
-> .........................Our school is going to hold a English-speaking contest......................................................................................................................................
6. Japan is the country which exports lots of cars.
-> ...........................Japan is the car-exporting country .....................................................................................................................................
7. It is a contest in which people have to cover their faces with masks.
-> .....................It is a face-mask-covering contest.
...........................................................................................................................................
8. The Pham has just bought a machine which is used to dry the clothes.
-> ........................The Pham has just bought a clothes-drying machine........................................................................................................................................
Nowadays in the news you can read a lot about biotechnology and the controversies about it and perhaps you ask yourself what it is exactly. Well, this article is going to give you a brief history of the field of biotechnology and show you that, although the word “biotechnology” was first used in 1919, we have been using biotechnology for many thousands of years in ways that are completely uncontroversial. It will also look at the more modern developments which have started intense debate. When you are drinking a cold beer on a hot day, or eating a delicious cheese sandwich, you can thank biotechnology for the pleasure you are experiencing. That’s right! Beer, bread and cheese are all produced using biotechnology. Perhaps a definition will be useful to understand how. A standard definition is that biotechnology (or biotech for short) is the application of science and engineering to the direct or indirect use of living organisms. And as you know, the food and drink above are all produced by the fermentation of micro-organisms. In beer, the yeast multiplies as it eats the sugars in the mixture and turns them into alcohol and CO2. This ancient technique was first used in Egypt to make bread and wine around 4000BC! Antibiotics are used to prevent and treat diseases, especially those caused by bacteria. They are natural substances that are created by bacteria and fungi. The first antibiotic was made in China in about 500BC – to cure boils. In 1928 Alexander Fleming discovered penicillin and it was considered a medical miracle. Modern research is looking at the creation of super-antibodies which can kill bacteria and viruses inside the cells that house them. Our modern consumer society produces a lot of waste which needs to be disposed of safely and without harmful end products. Environmental biotechnology can help. Indeed, the use of bacteria to treat sewage was first practiced in 1914 in Manchester, England. Vermiculture or using worms to treat waste is another environmentally-friendly practice and the end product is a natural fertiliser. Bacteria have even been developed to help with problems such as oil spills. They convert crude oil and gasoline into non-toxic substances such as carbon dioxide, water and oxygen and help create a cleaner, healthier environment. These examples of biotechnology are accepted by most people. However, the discovery of the DNA structure by Watson and Crick in 1953 was the beginning of the modern era of genetics and the following areas of biotech are very controversial. Read on… The genetic modification of plants and crops has been in practice for many years. This involves changing the genetic code of these plants so that they are more resistant to bad conditions like drought, floods and frost. Supporters of GM food say that it can offer the consumer better quality, safety and taste and for over a decade Americans have been eating GM food. However, things are very different in Europe where genetically modified food is very strictly regulated and regarded with deep suspicion by the public. GM food has even been called “Frankenfood” in the press, a term inspired by the novel Frankenstein by Mary Shelley. There is a great cultural divide between America and Europe over whether such food is safe to eat and will not harm the environment and the discussion is still in progress. 1997 saw the birth of Dolly the sheep, the first animal cloned from an adult cell. This was a remarkable achievement which created world-wide debate on the ethical issues surrounding cloning. International organisations such as the European parliament, UNESCO and WHO all declared that human cloning is both morally and legally wrong. However, we need to make a distinction between reproductive cloning and therapeutic cloning. Nowadays the idea of reproductive cloning – creating a copy of another person - is no longer interesting for researchers. Instead therapeutic cloning is creating excitement in the biotech world. Key to this technique is stem cells, which are master cells that have the potential to become any other kind of cell in the body e.g. nerve cells, blood, heart muscle or even brain cells. Stem cells themselves have generated a lot of controversy as it was believed that only human embryos could provide them. However, it now appears that adult stem cells offer the same possibility. This would mean that a patient who suffered a heart attack could provide doctors with his adult stem cells which could then be implanted back into his heart and used to create heart muscle, replacing the muscle that was damaged. As the genetic code is identical, there would be no problem of the body rejecting the implant as, unfortunately, happens with organ transplants. In the future, biotechnologists hope that stem cells could be used to grow entire organs. In this way biotechnology offers the hope of revolutionising medical treatment. In this brief overview of the history of biotechnology we have jumped from making bread to making human organs - an enormous leap- and it is clear that these modern practices raise many controversial issues. However, despite the debate, we can imagine that as biotechnology has been around for many years, it will still be around for some time to come - but who knows where it will take us?
Questions:
After reading, choose the best answer for the following questions
1. What is the main topic of the article?
Brief history and modern developments of biotechnology
Benefit of biotechnology
Modern research in biotechnology
2. What does the pronoun "IT" in the first paragraph refer to?
Biotechnology
The article
The word "Biotechnology"
3. Which products were first made with fermentation of micro-organisms?
Beer, bread and cheese
Bread and wine
Beer and cheese
Decide whether the statement below is True or False.
4. Alexander Fleming discovered super-antibodies which can kill bacteria and viruses inside the cells that house them.
TrueFalse
5. GM food is easily available in the U.S. and Europe.
TrueFalse
6.Researchers believe that adult stem cells could be used to create body parts.
TrueFalse
I. Add SUCH / SO / TOO / ENOUGH to the following sentences :
1. The wind was …….SO . . . . . . . . . . . . . strong that it blew my hat off my head.
2. Sue is ……. . . SUCH. . . . . . . . a good pianist that I’m surprised she didn’t go into music professionally.
3. The radio was ……. . SO. . . . . . . . . . . . . loud that I couldn’t hear what Michael was saying.
3. The food was …. . SO. . …………hot that it burned my tongue (bỏng lưỡi)
4. There are ……SO. . . . …… many leaves on a single tree that it is impossible to count them.
5. I feel like I have …. . .SUCH . . ……. little energy that I wonder if I’m getting sick.
6. Tom and Peter have always been……SUCH………. good friends that it’s a shame(xấu hổ) to see them not speaking to each other.
7. Indian food can be hot and spicy. Jack ate some very hot chicken curry when he was in India a year ago. In fact(thực tế), it was ………SO…… hot that smoke came out of his ears !
8. It’s. . . . . . . . . . SUCH. . . . . . . . . . . a dark night that we cannot see anything.
9. I have . . . . . . . . . . .SO . . . . . . . . . many friends that I don’t feel lonely.
10. They are. . . . . . . . .SO . . . . . . . . . . noisy that I cannot hear what the teacher is saying.
11. Susan is not old. . . . . . .ENOUGH . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . to stay at home a lone at night.
12. it’s warm. . . . . . . . . . ENOUGH. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . for us to go out tonight.
13. Some movies are. . . . . . . .TOO . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . violent for children to watch.
14. The picture is. . . . . . . .TOO . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . heavy for us to hang on the wall.
15. The exercise is. . . . . . . TOO. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . long for Peter to do in an hour.
16. This coat is not warm. . . . . . ENOUGH. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . for her to wear in winter.
17. They drive fast. . . . . . . ENOUGH. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . to get to the airport on time.
18. The moon is bright. . . . . . . .ENOUGH . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . for me to read a book by.
19. The food is. . . . . . . .SO . . . . . . . . . . . . . hot that it burnt my tongue
20. He is. . . . . . .SO . . . . . . . . . . . . handsome and intelligent that every body likes him very much.
I. Add SUCH / SO / TOO / ENOUGH to the following sentences :
1. The wind was ……. . . . .so . . . . . . . . . strong that it blew my hat off my head.
2. Sue is ……. . . . such. . . . . . . a good pianist that I’m surprised she didn’t go into music professionally.
3. The radio was ……. . . . . . so. . . . . . . . . loud that I couldn’t hear what Michael was saying.
3. The food was …. . . . …so………hot that it burned my tongue (bỏng lưỡi)
4. There are ……. . so. . …… many leaves on a single tree that it is impossible to count them.
5. I feel like I have …. . . .such . ……. little energy that I wonder if I’m getting sick.
6. Tom and Peter have always been………such……. good friends that it’s a shame(xấu hổ) to see them not speaking to each other.
7. Indian food can be hot and spicy. Jack ate some very hot chicken curry when he was in India a year ago. In fact(thực tế), it was ………so…… hot that smoke came out of his ears !
8. It’s. . . . . . . . . . . .such . . . . . . . . . a dark night that we cannot see anything.
9. I have . . . . . . . . . . .so . . . . . . . . . many friends that I don’t feel lonely.
10. They are. . . . . . . . . . . so. . . . . . . . noisy that I cannot hear what the teacher is saying.
11. Susan is not old. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .enough . . . . . . . . . . . . to stay at home a lone at night.
12. it’s warm. . . . . . . . . . . . . . enough. . . . . . . . . . . . . for us to go out tonight.
13. Some movies are. . . . . . . . . . . . . too. . . . . . . . . . . . . . violent for children to watch.
14. The picture is. . . . . . . . . . . . . .too . . . . . . . . . . . heavy for us to hang on the wall.
15. The exercise is. . . . . . . . . . . . . . too. . . . . . . . . long for Peter to do in an hour.
16. This coat is not warm. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .enough . . . . . . . . . . . for her to wear in winter.
17. They drive fast. . . . . . . . . . . . . . enough. . . . . . . . . . . . to get to the airport on time.
18. The moon is bright. . . . . . . . . . . . . .enough . . . . . . . . . for me to read a book by.
19. The food is. . . . . . . . . . . so. . . . . . . . . . hot that it burnt my tongue
20. He is. . . . . . . . . .so . . . . . . . . . handsome and intelligent that every body likes him very much.
1.In the following food chain, which is the producer?
A.a rabbit B.a lion C.a carrot
2.The skeleton inside our body is responsible for
A.preventing B.producing energy C.supporting the body