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a) Gọi số mol Al, Zn là 2a, a (mol)
PTHH: 4Al + 3O2 --to--> 2Al2O3
2a-->1,5a---------->a
2Zn + O2 --to--> 2ZnO
a---->0,5a------->a
=> \(102a+81a=18,3\)
=> a = 0,1 (mol)
=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Al}=\dfrac{0,2.27}{0,2.27+0,1.65}.100\%=45,378\%\\\%m_{Zn}=\dfrac{0,1.65}{0,2.27+0,1.65}.100\%=54,622\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
b) \(n_{O_2}=1,5a+0,5a=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
=> \(V_{O_2}=0,2.22,4=4,48\left(l\right)\)
b) Tính khối lượng H2SO4 dư sau pư, biết H2SO4 đã lấy dư so với lượng pư là 10%
a) Gọi số mol H2 là x
=> \(n_{H_2O}=x\left(mol\right)\)
Theo ĐLBTKL: \(m_A+m_{H_2}=m_B+m_{H_2O}\)
=> 200 + 2x = 156 + 18x
=> x = 2,75 (mol)
=> \(V_{H_2}=2,75.22,4=61,6\left(l\right)\)
b) Gọi \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{CuO}=a\left(mol\right)\\n_{Fe_2O_3}=1,5a\left(mol\right)\\n_{Al_2O_3}=b\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
=> 80a + 240a + 102b = 200
=> 320a + 102b = 200
PTHH: CuO + H2 --to--> Cu + H2O
a---------------->a
Fe2O3 + 3H2 --to--> 2Fe + 3H2O
1,5a------------------>3a
=> 64a + 168a + 102b = 156
=> 232a + 102b = 156
=> a = 0,5; b = \(\dfrac{20}{51}\)
=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{CuO}=\dfrac{0,5.80}{200}.100\%=20\%\\\%m_{Fe_2O_3}=\dfrac{0,75.160}{200}.100\%=60\%\\\%m_{Al_2O_3}=\dfrac{\dfrac{20}{51}.102}{200}.100\%=20\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
c) \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{2,75}{5}=0,55\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{FeO\left(tt\right)}=\dfrac{36}{72}=0,5\left(mol\right)\)
Gọi số mol FeO phản ứng là t (mol)
PTHH: FeO + H2 --to--> Fe + H2O
t--------------->t
=> 56t + (0,5-t).72 = 29,6
=> t = 0,4 (mol)
=> \(H\%=\dfrac{0,4}{0,5}.100\%=80\%\)
$\%m_{O_2(X)}=\dfrac{1,6}{1,6+4,4}.100\%=26,67\%$
$n_{CO_2}=\dfrac{4,4}{44}=0,1(mol);n_{O_2}=\dfrac{1,6}{16}=0,05(mol)$
$\Rightarrow \%V_{O_2(X)}=\dfrac{0,05}{0,05+0,1}.100\%=33,33\%$
$C+O_2\xrightarrow{t^o}CO_2$
Theo PT: $n_C=n_{O_2(p/ứ)}=n_{CO_2}=0,1(mol)$
$\Rightarrow n_{O_2(dùng)}=0,1+0,05=0,15(mol)$
$m_C=0,1.12=1,2(g);V_{O_2(dùng)}=0,15.22,4=3,36(lít)$
$\to m=1,2;V=3,36$
\(4Al + 3O_2 \xrightarrow{t^o} 2Al_2O_3\\ 3Fe + 2O_2 \xrightarrow{t^o} Fe_3O_4\\ Fe_3O_4 + 4H_2 \xrightarrow{t^o} 3Fe + 4H_2O\\ Ta\ có :\\ m_O = m_B - m_{hh} = 5,4 - 4,44 = 0,96(mol)\\ n_O = \dfrac{0,96}{32} = 0,03(mol)\\ \Rightarrow n_{Al_2O_3}= \dfrac{1}{3}n_O = 0,01(mol)\\ \Rightarrow n_{Al} = 2n_{Al_2O_3} = 0,02(mol)\\ m_{Al} = 0,02.54 = 1,08(gam)\\ m_{Fe} = 4,44 - 1,08 = 3,36(gam)\)
a) PTTH: \(2H_2+O_2\rightarrow2H_2O\)
\(C_2H_2+\dfrac{5}{2}O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2CO_2+H_2O\)
b) Ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\overline{M}_{hhkhí}=0,5\cdot28=14\\n_{hhkhí}=\dfrac{13,44}{22,4}=0,6\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Theo phương pháp đường chéo, ta có: \(\dfrac{n_{H_2}}{n_{C_2H_2}}=\dfrac{12}{12}=1\)
\(\Rightarrow n_{H_2}=n_{C_2H_2}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%V_{H_2}=\dfrac{0,3}{0,6}\cdot100\%=50\%\\\%V_{C_2H_2}=50\%\\\%m_{H_2}=\dfrac{0,3\cdot2}{5,6}\cdot100\%\approx10,71\%\\\%m_{C_2H_4}=89,29\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
a) \(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{22,4.20\%}{22,4}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
Gọi số mol Al, Mg là a, b (mol)
=> 27a + 24b = 7,8 (1)
PTHH: 4Al + 3O2 --to--> 2Al2O3
a-->0,75a------>0,5a
2Mg + O2 --to--> 2MgO
b-->0,5b------->b
=> 0,75a + 0,5b = 0,2 (2)
(1)(2) => a = 0,2; b = 0,1
=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{Al}=0,2.27=5,4\left(g\right)\\m_{Mg}=0,1.24=2,4\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Al}=\dfrac{5,4}{7,8}.100\%=69,23\%\\\%m_{Mg}=\dfrac{2,4}{7,8}.100\%=30,77\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
b)
C1: mhh oxit = 7,8 + 0,2.32 = 14,2 (g)
C2: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{Al_2O_3}=0,1.102=10,2\left(g\right)\\m_{MgO}=0,1.40=4\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
=> mhh oxit = 10,2 + 4 = 14,2 (g)