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a)Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy-Schwarz ta có:
\(\left(1^2+1^2+1^2\right)\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)\ge\left(x+y+z\right)^2\)
\(\Rightarrow3\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)\ge\left(x+y+z\right)^2\)
\(\Rightarrow3\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)\ge\left(x+y+z\right)^2=3^2=9\)
\(\Rightarrow3A\ge9\Rightarrow A\ge3\)
Đẳng thức xảy ra khi \(x=y=z=1\)
b)Ta có BĐT \(3\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\le\left(a+b+c\right)^2\Leftrightarrow-\left(a+b+c\right)^2\le0\)
\(\Rightarrow3B\le\left(x+y+z\right)^2=3^2=9\)
\(\Rightarrow B\le3\)
Đẳng thức xảy ra khi \(x=y=z=1\)
1/a/
\(A=\frac{2}{xy}+\frac{3}{x^2+y^2}=\left(\frac{1}{xy}+\frac{1}{xy}+\frac{4}{x^2+y^2}\right)-\frac{1}{x^2+y^2}\)
\(\ge\frac{\left(1+1+2\right)^2}{\left(x+y\right)^2}-\frac{1}{\frac{\left(x+y\right)^2}{2}}=16-2=14\)
Dấu = xảy ra khi \(x=y=\frac{1}{2}\)
b/
\(4B=\frac{4}{x^2+y^2}+\frac{8}{xy}+16xy=\left(\frac{4}{x^2+y^2}+\frac{1}{xy}+\frac{1}{xy}\right)+\left(\frac{1}{xy}+16xy\right)+\frac{5}{xy}\)
\(\ge\frac{\left(1+1+2\right)^2}{\left(x+y\right)^2}+2\sqrt{\frac{1}{xy}.16xy}+\frac{5}{\frac{\left(x+y\right)^2}{4}}\)
\(=16+8+20=44\)
\(\Rightarrow B\ge11\)
Dấu = xảy ra khi \(x=y=\frac{1}{2}\)
a, Chứng minh \(x^3+y^3+z^3=\left(x+y\right)^3-3xy.\left(x+y\right)+z^3\)
Biến đổi vế phải thì ta phải suy ra điều phải chứng minh
b, Ta có: \(a+b+c=0\)thì
\(a^3+b^3+c^3==\left(a+b\right)^3-3ab\left(a+b\right)+c^3=-c^3-3ab\left(-c\right)+c^3=3abc\)
( Vì \(a+b+c=0\)nên \(a+b=-c\))
Theo giả thuyết \(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{x^3}+\frac{1}{y^3}+\frac{1}{z^3}=\frac{3}{xyz}\)
Khi đó \(A=\frac{yz}{x^2}+\frac{xz}{y^2}+\frac{xy}{z^2}\)
\(=\frac{xyz}{x^3}+\frac{xyz}{y^3}+\frac{xyz}{z^3}\)
\(=xyz\left(\frac{1}{x^3}+\frac{1}{y^3}+\frac{1}{z^3}\right)\)
\(=xyz.\frac{3}{xyz}=3\)
\(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{1}{z}=0\)
\(\Rightarrow xy+yz+xz=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}xy=-yz--xz\\yz=-xy-xz\\xz=-xy-xz\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\dfrac{yz}{x^2+2yz}=\dfrac{yz}{x^2+yz-xy-xz}=\dfrac{yz}{\left(x-y\right)\left(x-z\right)}\)
CMTT:
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{xz}{y^2+2xz}=\dfrac{xz}{\left(x-y\right)\left(x-z\right)}\\\dfrac{xy}{z^2+2xy}=\dfrac{xy}{\left(x-y\right)\left(x-z\right)}\\\dfrac{yz}{x^2+2yz}=\dfrac{yz}{\left(x-y\right)\left(x-z\right)}\end{matrix}\right.\)
A=\(\dfrac{xz}{\left(x-y\right)\left(x-z\right)}+\dfrac{xy}{\left(x-y\right)\left(x-z\right)}+\dfrac{yz}{\left(x-y\right)\left(x-z\right)}\)
\(A=\dfrac{xz+xy+yz}{\left(x-y\right)\left(x-z\right)}\left(1\right)\)
mà \(xy+yz+xz=0\)
Từ \(\Rightarrow\dfrac{xz+xy+yz}{\left(x-y\right)\left(x-z\right)}=0\)
Vậy A=0
Dễ dàng chứng minh được : nếu \(a+b+c=0\) thì \(a^3+b^3+c^3=3abc\)
Ta có \(\frac{xy}{z^2}+\frac{yz}{x^2}+\frac{zx}{y^2}=xyz\left(\frac{1}{x^3}+\frac{1}{y^3}+\frac{1}{z^3}\right)=xyz.\frac{3}{xyz}=3\)( Vì \(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}=0\))
\(x^2+y^2+z^2+xy+yz+xz\)
\(=\left(x^2+y^2+z^2+2xy+2yz+2xz\right)-\left(xy+yz+xz\right)\)
\(=\left(x+y+z\right)^2-\left(xy+yz+xz\right)\)
Mặt khác: \(xy+yz+xz\le\frac{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{3}\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(x+y+z\right)^2-\left(xy+yz+xz\right)\ge\left(x+y+z\right)^2-\frac{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{3}=9-3=6\)
"=" khi a=b=c=1
\(\text{Sử dụng AM-GM, ta có}\)
\(\left(x+y+z\right)^2\le3\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)\Rightarrow x+y+z\le\sqrt{3\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)}\)
\(xy+yz+xz\le x^2+y^2+z^2\)
\(\text{Cộng theo vế, ta được}\)
\(6=x+y+z+xy+yz+xz\le\sqrt{3\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)+x^2+y^2+z^2}\)
Suy ra\(x^2+y^2+z^2\ge3\)
\(x^2+1\ge2x;y^2+1\ge2y;z^2+1\ge2z\)
\(\Rightarrow x^2+y^2+z^2+3\ge2x+2y+2z\Rightarrow\frac{x^2+y^2+z^2}{2}+\frac{3}{2}\ge x+y+z\)
\(x^2+y^2\ge2xy;y^2+z^2\ge2yz;z^2+x^2\ge2zx\)
\(\Rightarrow x^2+y^2+z^2\ge xy+yz+zx\)
Khi đó:\(\frac{3}{2}\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)+\frac{3}{2}\ge x+y+z+xy+yz+zx=6\)
\(\Rightarrow x^2+y^2+z^2+1\ge4\Rightarrow x^2+y^2+z^2\ge3\)