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Đề sai rồi: a,b,c > 0 thì làm sao mà có: ab + bc + ca = 0 được.
a)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\dfrac{\left(1+\sqrt{a}\right)\left(a-\sqrt{a}+1\right)}{1+\sqrt{a}}-\dfrac{\sqrt{a}\left(\sqrt{a}-1\right)}{\sqrt{a}-1}\right):\left(\dfrac{\left(\sqrt{a}+1\right)\left(\sqrt{a}-1\right)}{1+\sqrt{a}}\right)\)\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-\sqrt{a}+1-\sqrt{a}\right):\left(\sqrt{a}-1\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-2\sqrt{a}+1\right):\left(\sqrt{a}-1\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\sqrt{a}-1\right)^2:\left(\sqrt{a}-1\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\sqrt{a}-1\right)\)
Lời giải:
\(a+b+c=abc\)
\(\Rightarrow a(a+b+c)=a^2bc\)
\(\Rightarrow a(a+b+c)+bc=a^2bc+bc\)
\(\Rightarrow (a+b)(a+c)=bc(a^2+1)\)
\(\Rightarrow \frac{a}{\sqrt{bc(a^2+1)}}=\frac{a}{\sqrt{(a+b)(a+c)}}\leq \frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{a}{a+b}+\frac{a}{a+c}\right)\) (theo BĐT AM-GM ngược dấu)
Hoàn toàn tương tự:
\(\frac{b}{\sqrt{ca(b^2+1)}}\leq \frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{b}{b+a}+\frac{b}{b+c}\right)\)
\(\frac{c}{\sqrt{ab(c^2+1)}}\leq \frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{c}{c+a}+\frac{c}{c+b}\right)\)
Cộng theo vế những BĐT thu được ở trên ta có:
\(S\leq \frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{a+b}{a+b}+\frac{b+c}{b+c}+\frac{c+a}{c+a}\right)=\frac{3}{2}\)
Vậy \(S_{\max}=\frac{3}{2}\Leftrightarrow a=b=c=\sqrt{3}\)
b: \(BE\cdot CF\cdot BC\)
\(=\dfrac{BH^2}{AB}\cdot\dfrac{CH^2}{AC}\cdot BC\)
\(=\dfrac{AH^4}{AH}=AH^3\)
c: \(\dfrac{BE}{CF}=\dfrac{BH^2}{AB}:\dfrac{CH^2}{AC}=\dfrac{BH^2}{CH^2}\cdot\dfrac{AC}{AB}=\left(\dfrac{AB}{AC}\right)^3\)
ta có :\(a^2-ab+b^2=\left(a+b\right)^2-3ab\ge\left(a+b\right)^2-\dfrac{3}{4}\left(a+b\right)^2=\dfrac{1}{4}\left(a+b\right)^2\)(theo BĐT AM-GM)
\(\Rightarrow P\ge\sum\dfrac{a+b}{2\sqrt{ab+1}}\)
ÁP dụng BĐT AM-GM:
\(\dfrac{a+b}{2\sqrt{ab+1}}+\dfrac{b+c}{2\sqrt{bc+1}}+\dfrac{c+a}{2\sqrt{ca+1}}\ge3\sqrt[3]{\dfrac{\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)}{8\sqrt{\left(ab+1\right)\left(bc+1\right)\left(ca+1\right)}}}=\dfrac{3}{2}.\dfrac{1}{\sqrt[3]{\sqrt{\left(ab+1\right)\left(bc+1\right)\left(ca+1\right)}}}\)
Mà \(\sqrt[3]{\left(ab+1\right)\left(bc+1\right)\left(ca+1\right)}\le\dfrac{1}{3}\left(ab+bc+ca+3\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow P\ge\dfrac{3\sqrt{3}}{2\sqrt{\left(ab+bc+ca+3\right)}}\)(*)
ta liên tưởng đến BĐT phụ:\(\left(x+y\right)\left(y+z\right)\left(z+x\right)\ge\dfrac{8}{9}\left(x+y+z\right)\left(xy+yz+xz\right)\)
Cm: phân tích :\(VT=xy\left(x+y\right)+yz\left(y+z\right)+zx\left(x+z\right)+2xyz\)
\(=xy\left(x+y\right)+yz\left(y+z\right)+xz\left(z+x\right)+3xyz-xyz\)
\(=\left(x+y+z\right)\left(xy+yz+xz\right)-xyz\)
mà \(\left(x+y+z\right)\left(xy+yz+xz\right)\ge3\sqrt[3]{xyz}.3\sqrt[3]{x^2y^2z^2}=9xyz\)
nên \(\left(x+y\right)\left(y+z\right)\left(z+x\right)\ge\left(x+y+z\right)\left(xy+yz+xz\right)-\dfrac{1}{9}\left(x+y+z\right)\left(xy+yz+xz\right)=\dfrac{8}{9}\left(x+y+z\right)\left(xy+yz+zx\right)\)
Áp dụng:
\(1=\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)\ge\dfrac{8}{9}\left(a+b+c\right)\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\)
mặt khác,theo AM-GM,dễ dàng chứng minh được \(a+b+c\ge\dfrac{3}{2}\)
nên \(1\ge\dfrac{8}{9}.\dfrac{3}{2}\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\Leftrightarrow ab+bc+ca\le\dfrac{3}{4}\)
từ (*)\(\Rightarrow P\ge\dfrac{3\sqrt{3}}{2\sqrt{\dfrac{3}{4}+3}}=\dfrac{3}{\sqrt{5}}\)
Dấu = xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=\dfrac{1}{2}\)
a) CM:\(\sqrt{\left(n+1\right)^2}+\sqrt{n^2}=\left(n+1\right)^2-n^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow n+1+n=\left(n+1-n\right)\left(n+1+n\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2n+1=1\left(2n+1\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2n+1=2n+1\)
\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{\left(n+1\right)^2}+\sqrt{n^2}=\left(n+1\right)^2-n^2\)
Câu b) ý 2:
Áp dụng BĐT cô si ta có :
\(\dfrac{a}{b}+\dfrac{b}{c}\ge2\sqrt{\dfrac{a}{c}}\\ \dfrac{b}{c}+\dfrac{c}{a}\ge2\sqrt{\dfrac{b}{a}}\\ \dfrac{c}{a}+\dfrac{a}{b}\ge2\sqrt{\dfrac{c}{b}}\\ \Leftrightarrow2\left(\dfrac{a}{b}+\dfrac{b}{c}+\dfrac{c}{a}\right)\ge2\left(\sqrt{\dfrac{a}{c}}+\sqrt{\dfrac{b}{a}}+\sqrt{\dfrac{c}{b}}\right)\\ \Rightarrowđpcm\)
A B C c b a m D E F
a) Kẻ các đường cao \(AD;BE;CF\)
ta có : \(AD=AB.sinB\) và \(AD=AC.sinC\)
\(\Rightarrow AB.sinB=AC.sinC\Leftrightarrow c.sinB=b.sinC\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{c}{sinC}=\dfrac{b}{sinB}\)
làm tương tự ta có : \(\dfrac{b}{sinB}=\dfrac{a}{sinA}\) và \(\dfrac{a}{sinA}=\dfrac{c}{sinC}\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{a}{sinA}=\dfrac{b}{sinB}=\dfrac{c}{sinC}\left(đpcm\right)\)
b) ta có : \(BC^2=BE^2+EC^2=AB^2-AE^2+\left(AC-AE\right)^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow BC=AB^2-AE^2+AC^2-2AC.AE+AE^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow BC^2=AB^2+AC^2-2AC.AB.cosA\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2=b^2+c^2-2bc.cosA\left(đpcm\right)\)
c) ta có : \(AB=BF+FA=BC.cosB+AC.cosA\)
\(\Leftrightarrow c=a.cosB+b.cosA\left(đpcm\right)\)
đặc \(M\) là chân đường trung tuyên kẻ từ \(A\) \(\left(m_a\right)\)
ta có : \(AM^2=AB^2+BM^2-2AB.BM.cosB\)
\(\Leftrightarrow AM^2=AB^2+BM^2-2AB.BM\dfrac{AB^2+BC^2-AC^2}{2AB.2BM}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow AM^2=AB^2+\left(\dfrac{BC}{2}\right)^2-\dfrac{AB^2+BC^2-AC^2}{2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow AM^2=AB^2-\dfrac{AB^2+BC^2-AC^2}{2}+\dfrac{BC^2}{4}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow AM^2=\dfrac{2AB^2-AB^2-BC^2+AC^2}{2}+\dfrac{BC^2}{4}\) \(\Leftrightarrow AM^2=\dfrac{AB^2+AC^2}{2}-\dfrac{BC^2}{2}+\dfrac{BC^2}{4}\) \(\Leftrightarrow AM^2=\dfrac{AB^2+AC^2}{2}-\dfrac{BC^2}{4}\Leftrightarrow m_a^2=\dfrac{c^2+b^2}{2}-\dfrac{a^2}{4}\left(đpcm\right)\)(chú ý câu này sử dụng công thức ở câu \(b;c\) nha)
1), ta có
\(b.c.sin_a=ca.sin_b=cb.sin_c=2S_{ABC}\)
=> \(\dfrac{sin_a}{a}=\dfrac{sin_b}{b}=\dfrac{sin_c}{c}=k\)
=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}sin_a=ka\\sin_b=kb\\sin_c=kc\end{matrix}\right.\)
Thay vào, ta có
\(\sqrt{a.sin_a}+\sqrt{b.sin_b}+\sqrt{c.sin_c}=\sqrt{k}\left(sin_a+sin_b+sin_c\right)\)
Mà \(\sqrt{\left(a+b+c\right)\left(sin_a+sin_b+sin_c\right)}=\sqrt{k}\left(sin_a+sin_b+sin_c\right)\)
=> VT=VP
=> ĐPCM
Cảm ơn nhìu nha bạn.Hihi>.<