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a, \(Na_2O+H_2O\rightarrow2NaOH\)
Ta có: \(n_{Na_2O}=\dfrac{15,5}{62}=0,25\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{NaOH}=2n_{Na_2O}=0,5\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow CM_{NaOH}=\dfrac{0,5}{0,5}=1\left(M\right)\)
b, \(2NaOH+H_2SO_4\rightarrow Na_2SO_4+2H_2O\)
Theo PT: \(n_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{NaOH}=0,25\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{ddH_2SO_4}=\dfrac{0,25.98}{20\%}=122,5\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow V_{ddH_2SO_4}=\dfrac{122,5}{1,14}\approx107,46\left(ml\right)\)
a, \(Na_2O+H_2O\rightarrow2NaOH\)
\(n_{Na_2O}=\dfrac{15,5}{62}=0,25\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{NaOH}=2n_{Na_2O}=0,5\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow C_{M_{NaOH}}=\dfrac{0,5}{0,5}=1\left(M\right)\)
b, \(H_2SO_4+2NaOH\rightarrow Na_2SO_4+2H_2O\)
\(n_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{NaOH}=0,25\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{ddH_2SO_4}=\dfrac{0,25.98}{20\%}=122,5\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow V_{ddH_2SO_4}=\dfrac{122,5}{1,14}\approx107,46\left(ml\right)\)
a)
\(n_{Na_2O}=\dfrac{31}{62}=0,5\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: Na2O + H2O --> 2NaOH
______0,5--------------->1
=> \(C_{M\left(NaOH\right)}=\dfrac{1}{0,5}=2M\)
b)
PTHH: H2SO4 + 2NaOH --> Na2SO4 + 2H2O
______0,5<---------1
=> mH2SO4 = 0,5.98 = 49(g)
=> \(m_{dd\left(H_2SO_4\right)}=\dfrac{49.100}{20}=245\left(g\right)\)
=> \(V_{dd\left(H_2SO_4\right)}=\dfrac{245}{1,14}=214,912\left(ml\right)\)
\(n_{Na_2O}=\dfrac{31}{62}=0,5(mol)\\ a,Na_2O+H_2O\to 2NaOH\\ \Rightarrow n_{NaOH}=1(mol)\\ \Rightarrow C_{M_{NaOH}}=\dfrac{1}{0,5}=2M\\ b,2NaOH+H_2SO_4\to Na_2SO_4+2H_2O\\ \Rightarrow n_{H_2SO_4}=0,5(mol)\\ \Rightarrow m_{dd_{H_2SO_4}}=\dfrac{0,5.98}{20\%}=245(g)\\ \Rightarrow V_{dd_{H_2SO_4}}=\dfrac{245}{1,14}=214,91(ml)\)
PTHH: \(H_2SO_4+2KOH\rightarrow K_2SO+2H_2O\)
Ta có: \(n_{H_2SO_4}=0,2\cdot1=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{KOH}=0,4\left(mol\right)\\n_{K_2SO_4}=0,2\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}V_{ddKOH}=\dfrac{\dfrac{0,4\cdot56}{6\%}}{1,048}\approx356,2\left(ml\right)\\C_{M_{K_2SO_4}}=\dfrac{0,2}{0,2+0,3562}\approx0,36\left(M\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(n_{H_2SO_4}=1.0,2=0,2\left(mol\right)\\ H_2SO_4+2KOH\rightarrow K_2SO_4+2H_2O\\ 0,2.........0,4........0,2.......0,2\left(mol\right)\\ a.m_{ddKOH}=\dfrac{0,4.56.100}{6}=\dfrac{1120}{3}\left(g\right)\\ V_{ddKOH}=\dfrac{\dfrac{1120}{3}}{1,048}=\dfrac{140000}{393}\left(ml\right)\approx0,356\left(l\right)\)
\(b.C_{MddK_2SO_4}=\dfrac{0,2}{\dfrac{140000}{393}+0,2}\approx0,00056\left(M\right)\)
BaO+H2O -> Ba(OH)2
0,02 0,02
a) CM = n/V = 0,02/0,02 = 1M
b) Ba(OH)2 + H2SO4 -> BaSO4 +2H2O
0,02 0,02
=> m = 0,392 g
D = m/V = 1,14
=> 0,392/V = 1,14 => V = 0,34l
a)
$Na_2O + H_2O \to 2NaOH$
n Na2O = 15,5/62 = 0,25(mol)
n NaOH = 2n Na2O = 0,5(mol)
=> CM NaOH = 0,5/0,5 = 1M
b) $2NaOH + H_2SO_4 \to Na_2SO_4 + 2H_2O$
n H2SO4 = 1/2 n NaOH = 0,25(mol)
=> m dd H2SO4 = 0,25.98/20% = 122,5(gam)
=> V dd H2SO4 = m / D = 122,5/1,14 =107,46(ml)
c) n Na2SO4 = n H2SO4 = 0,25(mol)
CM Na2SO4 = 0,25/0,10746 = 2,33M
a)
`\(Na_2O++H_{2_{ }}O->2NaOH\)
\(n_{Na_2O}=\dfrac{15,5}{62}=0,25mol\)
\(n_{Na_2O}=2n_{Na_2O}=0,5mol\)
\(C_{M_{NaOH}}=\dfrac{0,5}{0,5}\)=1M
Câu 16:
PTHH: \(KOH+HCl\rightarrow KCl+H_2O\)
Ta có: \(n_{HCl}=0,25\cdot1,5=0,375\left(mol\right)=n_{KOH}=n_{KCl}\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}V_{KOH}=\dfrac{0,375}{2}=0,1875\left(l\right)\\C_{M_{KCl}}=\dfrac{0,375}{0,1875+0,25}\approx0,86\left(M\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Câu 18:
PTHH: \(2KOH+H_2SO_4\rightarrow K_2SO_4+2H_2O\)
a) Ta có: \(n_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{200\cdot14,7\%}{98}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow n_{KOH}=0,6\left(mol\right)\) \(\Rightarrow m_{ddKOH}=\dfrac{0,6\cdot56}{5,6\%}=600\left(g\right)\) \(\Rightarrow V_{ddKOH}=\dfrac{600}{10,45}\approx57,42\left(ml\right)\)
b) Theo PTHH: \(n_{K_2SO_4}=0,3\left(mol\right)\) \(\Rightarrow C\%_{K_2SO_4}=\dfrac{0,3\cdot174}{600+200}\cdot100\%=6,525\%\)
\(a.Na_2O+H_2O\rightarrow2NaOH\\ b.n_{Na_2O}=\dfrac{6,2}{62}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\ n_{NaOH}=2n_{Na_2O}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow CM_{NaOH}=\dfrac{0,2}{0,5}=0,4M\\ c.H_2SO_4+2NaOH\rightarrow Na_2SO_4+H_2O\\ n_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{NaOH}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\ m_{ddH_2SO_4}=\dfrac{0,1.98}{9,8\%}=100\left(g\right)\)
1. Bài này câu b hình như tính C% chứ nhỉ ?
---------------
\(n_{Na_2CO_3}=\dfrac{100.10,6\%}{106}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{200.9,8\%}{98}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
Pt: \(Na_2CO_3+H_2SO_4\rightarrow Na_2SO_4+CO_2\uparrow+H_2O\)
0,1mol 0,2mol ---------> 0,1mol----> 0,1mol
Lập tỉ số: \(n_{Na_2CO_3}:n_{H_2SO_4}=0,1< 0,2\)
=> \(Na_2CO_3\) hết, H2SO4 dư
\(V_{CO_2}=0,1.22,4=2,24\left(l\right)\)
\(\Sigma_{m_{dd}\left(spu\right)}=100+200-0,1.44=295,6\left(g\right)\)
\(C\%_{Na_2SO_4}=\dfrac{0,1.82.100}{295,6}=2,77\%\)
\(C\%_{H_2SO_4\left(dư\right)}=\dfrac{\left(0,2-0,1\right).98.100}{295,6}=3,32\%\)
2. Ở câu b: Nếu đổi thành dd KOH 5% KLR là 1,045g/ml thì cần bao nhiêu ml dd KOH.
KOH chứ không phải NaOH. Lần sau ghi đề chú ý dùm.
\(n_{H_2SO_4}=1,5.0,05=0,075\left(mol\right)\)
\(H_2SO_4+2NaOH\rightarrow Na_2SO_4+2H_2O\)
0,075mol --> 0,15mol
\(m_{dd}=\dfrac{0,15.40.100}{30}=20\left(g\right)\)
b) \(H_2SO_4+2KOH\rightarrow K_2SO_4+2H_2O\)
0,075mol----> 0,15mol
\(m_{dd}=\dfrac{0,15.56.100}{5}=168\left(g\right)\)
\(V_{KOH}=\dfrac{168}{1,045}=160,76\left(ml\right)\)
3. \(n_{Na_2O}=\dfrac{15,5}{62}=0,25\left(mol\right)\)
\(Na_2O+H_2O\rightarrow2NaOH\)
0,25mol -----------> 0,5mol
\(C_{M_{NaOH}}=\dfrac{0,5}{0,5}=1M\)
\(H_2SO_4+2NaOH\rightarrow Na_2SO_4+2H_2O\)
0,25mol<--- 0,5mol
\(m_{dd_{H_2SO_4}}=\dfrac{0,25.98.100}{20}=122,5\left(g\right)\)
\(V_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{122,5}{1,14}=107,46\left(ml\right)\)
Cảm ơn bạn nhiều lắm nha!