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\(\frac{1.2.5+3.4.15+4.8.20+7.14.350}{2.5.11+6.10.33+8.20.44+14.35.770}=\frac{1.2.5+1.3.2.2.3.5+1.2.2.8.4.5+1.7.7.2.70.5}{2.5.11+2.3.2.5.3.11+2.4.4.5.4.11+2.7.7.5.70.11}=\frac{1.2.5+1.2.5.18+1.2.5.64+1.2.5.3430}{2.5.11+2.5.11.18+2.5.11.64+2.5.11.3430}\)
\(=\frac{1.2.5.\left(1+18+64+3430\right)}{2.5.11.\left(1+18+64+3430\right)}=\frac{1}{11}\)
Để chứng minh phân số đó tối giản, ta phải chứng minh được chúng là 2 số nguyên tố cùg nhau
Tham khảo :
Gọi d = ƯCLN ( 2n + 3 ; 3n + 5 )
=> 2n + 3 chia hết cho d
3n + 5 chia hết cho d
=> 3 ( 2n + 3 ) chia hết cho d
2 ( 3n + 5 ) chia hêt cho d
=> 6n + 9 và 6n + 10 chia hết cho d
=> 1 chia hết cho d => d = 1
=> 2n + 3 và 3n + 5 là 2 số nguyên tố cùng nhau
Vậy phân số 2n + 3 / 3n + 5 là phân số tối giản
Gọi d là ƯC(2n+3; 3n+5)
\(\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}2n+3⋮d\\3n+5⋮d\end{cases}\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}3\left(2n+3\right)⋮d\\2\left(3n+5\right)⋮d\end{cases}\Rightarrow}\hept{\begin{cases}6n+9⋮d\\6n+10⋮d\end{cases}}}\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(6n+9\right)-\left(6n+10\right)⋮d\)
\(\Rightarrow6n+9-6n-10⋮d\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(6n-6n\right)-\left(10-9\right)⋮d\)
\(\Rightarrow0-1⋮d\)
\(\Rightarrow1⋮d\)
\(\Rightarrow d\inƯC\left(1\right)=\left\{-1;1\right\}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{2n+3}{3n+5}\) là phân số tối giản
Bài 1 :
Ta có :
\(A=\frac{10^{17}+1}{10^{18}+1}=\frac{\left(10^{17}+1\right).10}{\left(10^{18}+1\right).10}=\frac{10^{18}+10}{10^{19}+10}\)
Mà : \(\frac{10^{18}+10}{10^{19}+10}>\frac{10^{18}+1}{10^{19}+1}\)
Mà \(A=\frac{10^{18}+10}{10^{19}+10}\)nên \(A>B\)
Vậy \(A>B\)
Bài 2 :
Ta có :
\(S=\frac{2013}{2014}+\frac{2014}{2015}+\frac{2015}{2016}+\frac{2016}{2013}\)
\(\Rightarrow S=\frac{2014-1}{2014}+\frac{2015-1}{2015}+\frac{2016-1}{2016}+\frac{2013+3}{2013}\)
\(\Rightarrow S=1-\frac{1}{2014}+1-\frac{1}{2015}+1-\frac{1}{2016}+1+\frac{3}{2013}\)
\(\Rightarrow S=4+\frac{3}{2013}-\left(\frac{1}{2014}+\frac{1}{2015}+\frac{1}{2016}\right)\)
Vì \(\frac{1}{2013}>\frac{1}{2014}>\frac{1}{2015}>\frac{1}{2016}\)nên \(\frac{3}{2013}-\left(\frac{1}{2014}+\frac{1}{2015}+\frac{1}{2016}\right)>0\)
Nên : \(M>4\)
Vậy \(M>4\)
Bài 3 :
Ta có :
\(A=\frac{1}{2^2}+\frac{1}{3^2}+\frac{1}{4^2}+.......+\frac{1}{100^2}\)
Suy ra : \(A< \frac{1}{1.3}+\frac{1}{2.4}+\frac{1}{3.5}+....+\frac{1}{99.101}\)
\(\Rightarrow A< \frac{1}{2}.\left(\frac{2}{1.3}+\frac{2}{2.4}+......+\frac{2}{99.101}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow A< \frac{1}{2}.\left(1-\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{4}+\frac{1}{3}-......-\frac{1}{101}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow A< \frac{1}{2}.\left[\left(1+\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3}+.....+\frac{1}{99}\right)-\left(\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{4}+......+\frac{1}{101}\right)\right]\)
\(\Rightarrow A< \frac{1}{2}.\left(1+\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{100}-\frac{1}{101}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow A< \frac{1}{2}.\left(1+\frac{1}{2}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow A< \frac{3}{4}\)
Vậy \(A< \frac{3}{4}\)
Bài 4 :
\(a)A=\frac{1}{1.3}+\frac{1}{3.5}+\frac{1}{5.7}+....+\frac{1}{2015.2017}\)
\(\Rightarrow A=\frac{1}{2}.\left(\frac{2}{1.3}+\frac{2}{3.5}+\frac{2}{5.7}+.....+\frac{1}{2015.2017}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow A=\frac{1}{2}.\left(1-\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3}-\frac{1}{5}+\frac{1}{5}-\frac{1}{7}+.....+\frac{1}{2015}-\frac{1}{2017}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow A=\frac{1}{2}.\left(1-\frac{1}{2017}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow A=\frac{1}{2}.\frac{2016}{2017}\)
\(\Rightarrow A=\frac{1008}{2017}\)
Vậy \(A=\frac{1008}{2017}\)
\(b)\frac{1}{1.3}+\frac{1}{3.5}+\frac{1}{5.7}+......+\frac{1}{x\left(x+2\right)}=\frac{1008}{2017}\)
\(\frac{2}{1.3}+\frac{2}{3.5}+\frac{2}{5.7}+......+\frac{2}{x.\left(x+2\right)}=\frac{2016}{2017}\)
\(1-\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3}-\frac{1}{5}+\frac{1}{5}-\frac{1}{7}+.....+\frac{1}{x}-\frac{1}{x+2}=\frac{2016}{2017}\)
\(1-\frac{1}{x+2}=\frac{2016}{2017}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{x+2}=1-\frac{2016}{2017}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{x+2}=\frac{1}{2017}\)
\(\Rightarrow x+2=2017\)
\(\Rightarrow x=2017-2=2015\)
Vậy \(x=2015\)
Câu 1 :
Ta có :
\(A=\frac{3}{4}+\frac{8}{9}+\frac{15}{16}+...+\frac{9999}{10000}\)
\(A=\frac{4-1}{4}+\frac{9-1}{9}+\frac{16-1}{16}+...+\frac{10000-1}{10000}\)
\(A=\frac{2^2-1}{2^2}+\frac{3^2-1}{3^2}+\frac{4^2-1}{4^2}+...+\frac{100^2-1}{100^2}\)
\(A=\frac{2^2}{2^2}-\frac{1}{2^2}+\frac{3^2}{3^2}-\frac{1}{3^2}+\frac{4^2}{4^2}-\frac{1}{4^2}+...+\frac{100^2}{100^2}-\frac{1}{100^2}\)
\(A=1-\frac{1}{2^2}+1-\frac{1}{3^2}+1-\frac{1}{4^2}+...+1-\frac{1}{100^2}\)
\(A=\left(1+1+1+...+1\right)-\left(\frac{1}{2^2}+\frac{1}{3^2}+\frac{1}{4^2}+...+\frac{1}{100^2}\right)\)
Do từ \(2\) đến \(100\) có \(100-2+1=99\) số \(1\) nên :
\(A=99-\left(\frac{1}{2^2}+\frac{1}{3^2}+\frac{1}{4^2}+...+\frac{1}{100^2}\right)< 99\) \(\left(1\right)\)
Đặt \(B=\frac{1}{2^2}+\frac{1}{3^2}+\frac{1}{4^2}+...+\frac{1}{100^2}\) lại có :
\(B< \frac{1}{1.2}+\frac{1}{2.3}+\frac{1}{3.4}+...+\frac{1}{99.100}\)
\(B< \frac{1}{1}-\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3}-\frac{1}{4}+...+\frac{1}{99}-\frac{1}{100}\)
\(B< 1-\frac{1}{100}< 1\)
\(\Rightarrow\)\(A=99-B>99-1=98\)
\(\Rightarrow\)\(A>98\) \(\left(2\right)\)
Từ (1) và (2) suy ra :
\(98< A< 99\)
Vậy A không phải là số nguyên
Chúc bạn học tốt ~
Bài 2:
\(E=\frac{4}{3.5}+\frac{4}{5.7}+\frac{4}{7.9}+...+\frac{4}{97.99}\)
\(\Rightarrow E=2\left(\frac{2}{3.5}+\frac{2}{5.7}+\frac{2}{7.9}+...+\frac{2}{97.99}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow E=2\left(\frac{1}{3}-\frac{1}{5}+\frac{1}{5}-\frac{1}{7}+\frac{1}{7}-\frac{1}{9}+...+\frac{1}{97}-\frac{1}{99}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow E=2\left(\frac{1}{3}-\frac{1}{99}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow E=2.\frac{32}{99}\)
\(\Rightarrow E=\frac{64}{99}\)
Vậy \(E=\frac{64}{99}\)
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