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a)
\(S=\frac{1}{\sqrt{1}+\sqrt{2}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{3}}+....+\frac{1}{\sqrt{100}+\sqrt{101}}\)
\(S=\frac{\sqrt{2}-\sqrt{1}}{(\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{1})(\sqrt{2}-\sqrt{1})}+\frac{\sqrt{3}-\sqrt{2}}{(\sqrt{3}+\sqrt{2})(\sqrt{3}-\sqrt{2})}+....+\frac{\sqrt{101}-\sqrt{100}}{(\sqrt{101}+\sqrt{100})(\sqrt{101}-\sqrt{100})}\)
\(S=\frac{\sqrt{2}-\sqrt{1}}{2-1}+\frac{\sqrt{3}-\sqrt{2}}{3-2}+...+\frac{\sqrt{101}-\sqrt{100}}{101-100}\)
\(S=\sqrt{2}-\sqrt{1}+\sqrt{3}-\sqrt{2}+...+\sqrt{101}-\sqrt{100}\)
\(S=\sqrt{101}-1\)
b)
\(S=\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{4}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{4}+\sqrt{6}}+...+\frac{1}{\sqrt{100}+\sqrt{102}}\)
\(S=\frac{\sqrt{4}-\sqrt{2}}{(\sqrt{4}+\sqrt{2})(\sqrt{4}-\sqrt{2})}+\frac{\sqrt{6}-\sqrt{4}}{(\sqrt{6}+\sqrt{4})(\sqrt{6}-\sqrt{4})}+...+\frac{\sqrt{102}-\sqrt{100}}{(\sqrt{102}+\sqrt{100})(\sqrt{102}-\sqrt{100})}\)
\(S=\frac{\sqrt{4}-\sqrt{2}}{4-2}+\frac{\sqrt{6}-\sqrt{4}}{6-4}+....+\frac{\sqrt{102}-\sqrt{100}}{102-100}\)
\(S=\frac{\sqrt{4}-\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{6}-\sqrt{4}+\sqrt{8}-\sqrt{6}+...+\sqrt{102}-\sqrt{100}}{2}\)
\(S=\frac{\sqrt{102}-\sqrt{2}}{2}\)
ĐKXĐ: \(x\ge0,x\ne1\)
\(A=\left(1+\dfrac{\sqrt{x}}{x+1}\right):\left(\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{x}-1}-\dfrac{2\sqrt{x}}{x\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{x}-x-1}\right)-1\)
= \(\dfrac{x+\sqrt{x}+1}{x+1}:\left(\dfrac{x+1-2\sqrt{x}}{\left(x+1\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)}\right)-1\)
= \(\dfrac{\left(x+\sqrt{x}+1\right)\left(x+1\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)}{\left(x+1\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)^2}-1\)
= \(\dfrac{x+\sqrt{x}+1}{\sqrt{x}-1}-1\)
= \(\dfrac{x+\sqrt{x}+1-\sqrt{x}+1}{\sqrt{x}-1}\)
= \(\dfrac{x+2}{\sqrt{x}-1}\)
a: \(A=\left(\dfrac{\sqrt{3}\left(x-\sqrt{3}\right)+3}{\left(x-\sqrt{3}\right)\left(x^2+x\sqrt{3}+3\right)}\right)\cdot\dfrac{x^2+3+x\sqrt{3}}{x\sqrt{3}}\)
\(=\dfrac{x\sqrt{3}}{\left(x-\sqrt{3}\right)\left(x^2+x\sqrt{3}+3\right)}\cdot\dfrac{x^2+x\sqrt{3}+3}{x\sqrt{3}}\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{x-\sqrt{3}}\)
b: \(B=\dfrac{\sqrt{x}\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)\left(x+\sqrt{x}+1\right)}{x+\sqrt{x}+1}-\dfrac{\sqrt{x}\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)\left(x-\sqrt{x}+1\right)}{x-\sqrt{x}+1}+x+1\)
\(=x-\sqrt{x}-x-\sqrt{x}+x+1\)
\(=x-2\sqrt{x}+1\)
c: \(C=\left(\dfrac{\sqrt{x}+2}{\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)^2}-\dfrac{\sqrt{x}-2}{\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)}\right)\cdot\dfrac{x\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)-\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)}{\sqrt{x}}\)
\(=\dfrac{x+\sqrt{x}-2-\left(x-\sqrt{x}-2\right)}{\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)^2\cdot\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)}\cdot\dfrac{\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)^2}{\sqrt{x}}\)
\(=\dfrac{2\sqrt{x}}{\sqrt{x}}=2\)
Giải:
Ta có tính chất tổng quát:
\(\frac{1}{\left(k+1\right)\sqrt{k}+k\left(\sqrt{k+1}\right)}=\frac{\left(k+1\right)\sqrt{k}-k\left(\sqrt{k+1}\right)}{\left(k+1\right)^2k-k^2\left(k+1\right)}\)
\(=\frac{\left(k+1\right)\sqrt{k}-k\left(\sqrt{k+1}\right)}{\left(k+1\right)k\left(k+1-k\right)}=\frac{1}{\sqrt{k}}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{k+1}}\)
Áp dụng vào biểu thức
\(\Rightarrow A=\frac{1}{\sqrt{1}}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}}+...+\frac{1}{\sqrt{224}}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{225}}\)
\(=1-\frac{1}{\sqrt{225}}\)
2/
a) Ta có:
\(3\sqrt{2}=\sqrt{3^2\cdot2}=\sqrt{9\cdot2}=\sqrt{18}\)
\(2\sqrt{3}=\sqrt{2^2\cdot3}=\sqrt{4\cdot3}=\sqrt{12}\)
Mà: \(12< 18\Rightarrow\sqrt{12}< \sqrt{18}\Rightarrow2\sqrt{3}< 3\sqrt{2}\)
b) Ta có:
\(4\sqrt[3]{5}=\sqrt[3]{4^3\cdot5}=\sqrt[3]{320}\)
\(5\sqrt[3]{4}=\sqrt[3]{5^3\cdot4}=\sqrt[3]{500}\)
Mà: \(320< 500\Rightarrow\sqrt[3]{320}< \sqrt[3]{500}\Rightarrow4\sqrt[3]{5}< 5\sqrt[3]{4}\)
3/
a)ĐKXĐ: \(x\ne1;x\ge0\)
b) \(A=\left(1-\dfrac{x-\sqrt{x}}{\sqrt{x}-1}\right)\left(1+\dfrac{x+\sqrt{x}}{\sqrt{x}+1}\right)\)
\(A=\left[1-\dfrac{\sqrt{x}\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)}{\sqrt{x}-1}\right]\left[1+\dfrac{\sqrt{x}\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)}{\sqrt{x}+1}\right]\)
\(A=\left(1-\sqrt{x}\right)\left(1+\sqrt{x}\right)\)
\(A=1^2-\left(\sqrt{x}\right)^2\)
\(A=1-x\)
Đặt \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt{x}=a\\\sqrt{y}=b\end{matrix}\right.\), ta có:
\(A=\left[\left(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}\right)\times\dfrac{2}{a+b}+\dfrac{1}{a^2}+\dfrac{1}{b^2}\right]\)\(\times\dfrac{a^3+ab^2+a^2b+b^3}{ab^3+a^3b}\)
\(=\left(\dfrac{b+a}{ab}\times\dfrac{2}{a+b}+\dfrac{b^2+a^2}{a^2b^2}\right)\)\(\times\dfrac{a^2\left(a+b\right)+b^2\left(a+b\right)}{ab\left(a^2+b^2\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{2ab+b^2+a^2}{a^2b^2}\times\dfrac{\left(a+b\right)\left(a^2+b^2\right)}{ab\left(b^2+a^2\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{\left(a+b\right)^3}{a^3b^3}\)
\(=\dfrac{\left(\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}\right)^3}{\sqrt{\left(xy\right)^3}}\)
Bổ sung giả thuyết x ,y \(\ge0\)
Do giả thiết x ,y \(\ge0\)
\(\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}\) =1
nên:
xy (x+y )\(^2\)\(\le\) \(\dfrac{1}{64}\)
<=> 64 xy (x + y )\(^2\) \(\le\)1
<=> 64 xy ( x + y)\(^2\)\(\le\)(\(\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}\))\(^8\)
<=> 64 xy ( x + y )\(^2\) < \((x+2\sqrt{xy}+y)^4\)
Áp dụng bất đẳng thức Cauchy cho 2 số không âm x + y và \(2\sqrt{xy}\)
ta có ;
x + y + 2\(\sqrt{xy}\) \(\ge\) \(2\sqrt{x+y}2\sqrt{xy}\)
=> ( x + y +2\(\sqrt{xy}\)) \(^4\)\(\ge\) (\(2\sqrt{x+y}2\sqrt{xy}\) )\(^4\)= 64 xy (x + y)\(^2\)
=> ĐIỀU PHẢI CHỨNG MINH
Dấu bằng xảy ra <=> x + y = \(2\sqrt{xy}\)
<=> x = y = \(\dfrac{1}{4}\)
Câu 1:
\(\Leftrightarrow1-\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{1}{3}+...+\dfrac{1}{n}-\dfrac{1}{n+1}=\dfrac{2999}{3000}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow1-\dfrac{1}{n+1}=\dfrac{2999}{3000}\)
=>n+1=3000
hay n=2999