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a) Mình nghĩ nên sửa lại đề 1 chút: a-b=3
b) Có 4n-9=2(2n+1)-13
Vì 2n+1 chia hết cho 2n+1 => 2(2n+1) chia hết cho 2n+1
Vậy để 2(2n+1)-13 chia hết cho 2n+1
=> 13 chia hết cho 2n+1
n nguyên => 2n+1 nguyên => 2n+1\(\inƯ\left(13\right)=\left\{-13;-1;1;3\right\}\)
Ta có bảng
| 2n+1 | -13 | -1 | 1 | 3 |
| 2n | -14 | -2 | 0 | 2 |
| n | -7 | -1 | 0 | 1 |
d)Đặt \(A=\frac{1}{2^2}+\frac{1}{2^3}+\frac{1}{2^4}+....+\frac{1}{2^n}\)
Ta có: \(\hept{\begin{cases}\frac{1}{2^2}< \frac{1}{1\cdot2}\\......\\\frac{1}{2^n}< \frac{1}{2^{n-1}\cdot2^n}\end{cases}}\)
\(\Rightarrow A< \frac{1}{1\cdot2}+\frac{1}{2\cdot3}+\frac{1}{3\cdot4}+....+\frac{1}{2^{n-1}\cdot2^n}\)
\(\Rightarrow A< 1-\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3}-\frac{1}{4}+....+\frac{1}{2^{n-1}}-\frac{1}{2^n}\)
\(\Rightarrow A< 1-\frac{1}{2^n}\)(đpcm)
\(A=1+2+2^2+...+2^{99}\)
\(2A=2+2^2+2^3+2^{100}\)
\(2A-A=\left(2+2^2+...+2^{100}\right)-\left(1+2+...+2^{99}\right)\)
\(A=2^{100}-1< 2^{100}\)
a) \(A=1+3+3^2+.....+3^{10}⋮4\)
\(=\left(1+3\right)+\left(3^2+3^3\right)+.......+\left(3^9+3^{10}\right)\)
\(=\left(1+3\right)+\left(3^2\cdot1+3^2\cdot3\right)+.....+\left(3^9\cdot1+3^9\cdot3\right)\)
\(=\left(1+3\right)+3^2\left(1+3\right)+....+3^9\left(1+3\right)\)
\(=4\cdot1+3^2\cdot4+.......+3^9\cdot4\)
\(=4\cdot\left(1+3^2+.....+3^9\right)⋮4\)
Do đó A \(⋮\) 4
b) \(B=16^5+2^{15}⋮33\)
Ta có \(B=16^5+2^{15}\)
\(=\left(2^4\right)^5+2^{15}\)
\(=2^{20}+2^{15}\)
\(=2^{15}\cdot2^5+2^{15}\cdot1\)
\(=2^{15}\cdot\left(2^5+1\right)\)
\(=2^5\cdot\left(32+1\right)\)
\(=2^{15}\cdot33⋮33\)
Do đó \(B⋮33\)
\(A\frac{27^4.8^{17}}{9^6.32^3}=\frac{\left(3^3\right)^4.\left(2^3\right)^{17}}{\left(3^2\right)^6.\left(2^5\right)^3}=\frac{3^{12}.2^{51}}{3^{12}.2^{15}}=\frac{3^{12}.2^{15}.2^{36}}{3^{12}.2^{15}}=2^{36}\)
\(B=\frac{72^3.54^3:8^3}{108^5:4^5}=\frac{\left(72.54:8\right)^3}{\left(108:4\right)^5}=\frac{486^3}{27^5}=\frac{\left(3^5.2\right)^3}{\left(3^3\right)^5}=\frac{3^{15}.2^3}{3^{15}}=2^3=8\)
Bài 2
A = 2 +22 + 23 + 24 + ....+ 2100
A = ( 2+22 ) + (23 + 24 ) + ....+ (299 + 2100 )
A = 2(1+2 ) + 23 (1+2 ) + ...+ 299(1+2)
A = 2.3 + 23.3 + ....+ 299 .3
A = 3(2+23 + ...+ 299 )
=> A \(⋮\) 3 ( đpcm )
Bài 3
a, 2.3x = 312 .34 + 20 .274
2.3x = 312 . 34 + 20 . (33 ) 4
2.3x = 312 .34 + 20 .312
2.3x = 312(34+20 )
2.3x = 312 . 54
2.3x = 312 . 27 .2
2.3x = 312 . 33 .2
2.3x = 315 .2
=> x=15
b , (2x +1 ) 2 + 3.(22 + 1 ) = 22 .10
(2x +1 ) 2 + 3.(4+1 ) = 4.10
(2x +1 ) 2 + 3.5 = 40
(2x +1 ) 2 + 15 = 40
(2x +1 ) 2 = 40-15
(2x +1 ) 2 = 25
(2x +1 ) 2 = 52
=> 2x + 1 = 5
2x = 5-1
2x = 4
2x = 22
=> x=2
c) 1. 10n+2 \(⋮\)2n-1
=> 5(2n-1) +7 \(⋮\)2n-1 => 7\(⋮\)2n-1
2. 2n+3\(⋮\)n-2
=> 2(n-2) +7\(⋮\)n-2 => 7\(⋮\)n-2
3. 3n+1 \(⋮\)11-2n
=> 6n+2 \(⋮\)2n-11
=> 3(2n-11) +35\(⋮\)2n-11
=> 35\(⋮\)2n-11
a) vì chia 4 dư 2 nên \(\overline{5b}\)chia 4 dư 2 => b là 0 ; 4 ; 8
nếu b =0 thì 4+3+a+5+0 = 12 +a chia 9 dư 2 => a=8
nếu b =4 thì 4+3+a+5+4 = 16 +a chia 9 dư 2 => a=4
nếu b = 8 thì 4+3+a+5+8 = 20+a chia 9 dư 2 => a = 0 hoặc a=9
cũng 3 năm r chưa lm nên k biết có đúng k
2a)để (180 + 2a5) ⋮ 3
=> 2a5 ⋮ 3(vì 180 ⋮ 3)
ta có: (2+a+5)⋮3
=>(7+a)⋮3
=>a ∈ {2;5;8}