Hãy nhập câu hỏi của bạn vào đây, nếu là tài khoản VIP, bạn sẽ được ưu tiên trả lời.
Lời giải:
Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy-Schwarz:
\(B=\frac{1}{(a+2b)(a+2c)}+\frac{1}{(b+2a)(b+2c)}+\frac{1}{(c+2a)(c+2b)}\)
\(\geq \frac{9}{(a+2b)(a+2c)+(b+2a)(b+2c)+(c+2a)(c+2b)}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow B\geq \frac{9}{(a^2+2ac+2ab+4bc)+(b^2+2bc+2ab+4ac)+(c^2+2bc+2ac+4ab)}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow B\geq \frac{9}{a^2+b^2+c^2+8(ab+bc+ac)}=\frac{9}{(a+b+c)^2+6(ab+bc+ac)}(*)\)
Theo hệ quả quen thuộc của BĐT Cô-si:
\(a^2+b^2+c^2\geq ab+bc+ac\)
\(\Rightarrow (a+b+c)^2\geq 3(ab+bc+ac)\)
\(\Rightarrow 2(a+b+c)^2\geq 6(ab+bc+ac)(**)\)
Từ \((*); (**)\Rightarrow B\geq \frac{9}{(a+b+c)^2+2(a+b+c)^2}=\frac{3}{(a+b+c)^2}\geq \frac{3}{3^2}=\frac{1}{3}\)
(do \(a+b+c\leq 3)\)
Do đó: \(B_{\min}=\frac{1}{3}\)
Dấu bằng xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=1\)
a) Từ a + 5 < b + 5
=> a + 5 + (-5) < b + 5 + (-5) (cộng hai vế với -5)
=> a < b
a)từ a+5<b+5 ta cộng -5 vào 2 vế được a<b
b)từ -3a>-3b ta nhân 2 vế với -1/3 (tức là chia cả 2 vế cho -3) và -3a . -1/3< -3b . -1/3 sẽ được a<b
a)Vì a<b=>2a<2b
=>2a+5<2b+5
b)Vì a<b=>-10a>-10b
=>2-10a>2-10b
c)Vì a<b=>7a<7b
=>7a-3<7b-3(1)
Vì -3<-1=>7b-3<7b-1(2)
Từ (1) và (2)=>đpcm
d)Vì a<b=>\(-\dfrac{a}{3}< -\dfrac{b}{3}\)
=>\(3-\dfrac{a}{3}>3-\dfrac{b}{3}\)(3)
Vì 3>1=>\(3-\dfrac{b}{3}>1-\dfrac{b}{3}\)(4)
Từ (3) và (4)=> đpcm
a, Ta có: a < b \(\Rightarrow\) 2a < 2b \(\Rightarrow\) 2a + 5 < 2b + 5
b, Ta có: a < b \(\Rightarrow\) -10a > -10b (đổi dấu) \(\Rightarrow\) 2 + (-10a) > 2 + (-10b) \(\Leftrightarrow2-10a>2-10b\)
c, Ta có: a < b \(\Rightarrow\)7a < 7b
Lại có: -3 < -1
\(\Rightarrow\) 7a + (-3) < 7a + (-1) \(\Leftrightarrow\) 7a - 3 < 7b - 1
d, Ta có: a < b \(\Rightarrow-\dfrac{a}{3}>-\dfrac{b}{3}\)(đổi dấu)
Lại có: 3 > 1
\(\Rightarrow3+\left(-\dfrac{a}{3}\right)>1+\left(-\dfrac{b}{3}\right)\Leftrightarrow3-\dfrac{a}{3}>1-\dfrac{b}{3}\)
2a)
Áp dụng bất đẳng thức \(\dfrac{1}{a+b}\le\dfrac{1}{4}\left(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}\right)\forall a,b>0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{1}{2a+b+c}=\dfrac{1}{a+b+a+c}\le\dfrac{1}{4}\left(\dfrac{1}{a+b}+\dfrac{1}{a+c}\right)\\\dfrac{1}{a+2b+c}=\dfrac{1}{a+b+b+c}\le\dfrac{1}{4}\left(\dfrac{1}{a+b}+\dfrac{1}{b+c}\right)\\\dfrac{1}{a+b+2c}=\dfrac{1}{a+c+b+c}\le\dfrac{1}{4}\left(\dfrac{1}{a+c}+\dfrac{1}{b+c}\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow VT\le\dfrac{1}{4}\left(\dfrac{1}{a+b}+\dfrac{1}{a+c}\right)+\dfrac{1}{4}\left(\dfrac{1}{b+c}+\dfrac{1}{a+b}\right)+\dfrac{1}{4}\left(\dfrac{1}{a+c}+\dfrac{1}{b+c}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow VT\le\dfrac{1}{4\left(a+b\right)}+\dfrac{1}{4\left(a+c\right)}+\dfrac{1}{4\left(b+c\right)}+\dfrac{1}{4\left(a+b\right)}+\dfrac{1}{4\left(a+c\right)}+\dfrac{1}{4\left(b+c\right)}\)
\(\Rightarrow VT\le\dfrac{1}{2\left(a+b\right)}+\dfrac{1}{2\left(b+c\right)}+\dfrac{1}{2\left(c+a\right)}\)
Chứng minh rằng \(\dfrac{1}{2\left(a+b\right)}+\dfrac{1}{2\left(b+c\right)}+\dfrac{1}{2\left(c+a\right)}\le\dfrac{1}{4}\left(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{1}{a+b}+\dfrac{1}{b+c}+\dfrac{1}{c+a}\le\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}\right)\)
Áp dụng bất đẳng thức \(\dfrac{1}{a+b}\le\dfrac{1}{4}\left(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}\right)\forall a,b>0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{1}{a+b}\le\dfrac{1}{4}\left(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}\right)\\\dfrac{1}{b+c}\le\dfrac{1}{4}\left(\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}\right)\\\dfrac{1}{c+a}\le\dfrac{1}{4}\left(\dfrac{1}{c}+\dfrac{1}{a}\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{1}{a+b}+\dfrac{1}{b+c}+\dfrac{1}{c+a}\le\dfrac{1}{4}\left(\dfrac{2}{a}+\dfrac{2}{b}+\dfrac{2}{c}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{1}{a+b}+\dfrac{1}{b+c}+\dfrac{1}{c+a}\le\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}\right)\) ( đpcm )
Vì \(\dfrac{1}{2\left(a+b\right)}+\dfrac{1}{2\left(b+c\right)}+\dfrac{1}{2\left(c+a\right)}\le\dfrac{1}{4}\left(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}\right)\)
Mà \(VT\le\dfrac{1}{2\left(a+b\right)}+\dfrac{1}{2\left(b+c\right)}+\dfrac{1}{2\left(c+a\right)}\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{1}{2a+b+c}+\dfrac{1}{a+2b+c}+\dfrac{1}{a+b+2c}\le\dfrac{1}{4}\left(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}\right)\)( đpcm )
Dấu " = " xảy ra khi \(a=b=c\)
2b)
Áp dụng bất đẳng thức Cauchy - Schwarz
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}1+a^2\ge2\sqrt{a^2}=2a\\1+b^2\ge2\sqrt{b^2}=2b\\1+c^2\ge2\sqrt{c^2}=2c\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{a}{1+a^2}\le\dfrac{a}{2a}=\dfrac{1}{2}\\\dfrac{b}{1+b^2}\le\dfrac{b}{2b}=\dfrac{1}{2}\\\dfrac{c}{1+c^2}\le\dfrac{c}{2c}=\dfrac{1}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{a}{1+a^2}+\dfrac{b}{1+b^2}+\dfrac{c}{1+c^2}\le\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{2}=\dfrac{3}{2}\) ( đpcm )
Dấu " = " xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=1\)
Bài 1)
Nháp : nhìn nhanh ta thấy nên áp dụng BĐT \(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}\ge\dfrac{4}{x+y}\)
Giải
Vì x,y > 0 =) 2x + y > 0 , x + 2y > 0
Áp dụng BĐT cauchy dạng phân thức cho hai bộ số không âm \(\dfrac{1}{2x+y}\)và\(\dfrac{1}{x+2y}\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{1}{x+2y}+\dfrac{1}{2x+y}\ge\dfrac{4}{x+2y+2x+y}=\dfrac{4}{3\left(x+y\right)}\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(3x+3y\right)\left(\dfrac{1}{2x+y}+\dfrac{1}{x+2y}\right)\ge\left(3x+3y\right).\dfrac{4}{3\left(x+y\right)}=4\)
Dấu '' = "xảy ra khi và chỉ khi x + 2y = y + 2x (=) x=y
Bài 1:
Áp dụng BĐt cauchy dạng phân thức:
\(\dfrac{1}{2x+y}+\dfrac{1}{x+2y}\ge\dfrac{4}{3\left(x+y\right)}\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(3x+3y\right)\left(\dfrac{1}{2x+y}+\dfrac{1}{x+2y}\right)\ge\left(3x+3y\right).\dfrac{4}{3x+3y}=4\)
dấu = xảy ra khi 2x+y=x+2y <=> x=y
Bài 2:
ta có: \(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}+\dfrac{1}{d}\ge\dfrac{4^2}{a+b+c+d}=\dfrac{16}{a+b+c+d}\)(theo BĐt cauchy-schwarz)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{1}{a+b+c+d}\le\dfrac{1}{16}\left(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}+\dfrac{1}{d}\right)\)
Áp dụng BĐT trên vào bài toán ta có:
\(A=\dfrac{1}{2a+b+c}+\dfrac{1}{a+2b+c}+\dfrac{1}{a+b+2c}\le\dfrac{1}{16}\left(\dfrac{2}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}+\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{2}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}+\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{2}{c}\right)\)\(A\le\dfrac{1}{16}.4\left(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}\right)=\dfrac{1}{4}\left(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}\right)\)
......
dấu = xảy ra khi a=b=c
Bài 2:
Áp dụng BĐT cauchy cho 2 số dương:
\(a^2+1\ge2a\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{a}{a^2+1}\le\dfrac{a}{2a}=\dfrac{1}{2}\)
thiết lập tương tự:\(\dfrac{b}{b^2+1}\le\dfrac{1}{2};\dfrac{c}{c^2+1}\le\dfrac{1}{2}\)
cả 2 vế các BĐT đều dương ,cộng vế với vế,ta có dpcm
dấu = xảy ra khi a=b=c=1
B1:
\(ab+bc+ca\le a^2+b^2+c^2< 2\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\)
Xét hiệu:
\(\Leftrightarrow2a^2+2b^2+2c^2-2ab-2bc-2ca\)
\(=\left(a^2-2ab+b^2\right)+\left(b^2-2bc+c^2\right)+\left(a^2-2ac+c^2\right)\)
\(=\left(a-b\right)^2+\left(b-c\right)^2+\left(a-c\right)^2\ge0\)
=> BĐT luôn đúng
*
Ta có:
\(a< b+c\Rightarrow a^2< ab+ac\)
\(b< a+c\Rightarrow b^2< ab+ac\)
\(c< a+b\Rightarrow a^2< ac+bc\)
Cộng từng vế bất đẳng thức ta được:
\(a^2+b^2+c^2< 2\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\)
Vậy: \(ab+bc+ca\le a^2+b^2+c^2< 2\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\)
B2:
Ta có: \(a+b>c\) ; \(b+c>a\); \(a+c>b\)
Xét:\(\dfrac{1}{a+c}+\dfrac{1}{b+c}>\dfrac{1}{a+b+c}+\dfrac{1}{b+c+a}=\dfrac{2}{a+b+c}>\dfrac{2}{a+b+a+b}=\dfrac{1}{a+b}\)
\(\dfrac{1}{a+b}+\dfrac{1}{a+c}>\dfrac{1}{a+b+c}+\dfrac{1}{a+c+b}=\dfrac{2}{a+b+c}>\dfrac{2}{b+c+b+c}=\dfrac{1}{b+c}\)
\(\dfrac{1}{a+b}+\dfrac{1}{b+c}>\dfrac{1}{a+b+c}+\dfrac{1}{b+c+a}=\dfrac{2}{a+b+c}>\dfrac{2}{a+c+a+c}=\dfrac{1}{a+c}\)
Suy ra:
\(\dfrac{1}{a+c}+\dfrac{1}{b+c}>\dfrac{1}{a+b}\)
\(\dfrac{1}{a+b}+\dfrac{1}{a+c}>\dfrac{1}{b+c}\)
\(\dfrac{1}{a+b}+\dfrac{1}{b+c}>\dfrac{1}{a+c}\)
=> ĐPCM
1. a) 4( 2x + 3 ) - 3 ( 2 - 3x ) = 7
<=> 8x + 12 - 6 + 9x = 7
<=> 17x + 6 = 7
<=> 17x = 1
<=> x = 1/17
Vậy phương trình trên có nghiệm là x = 1/17
Chúc bạn học tốt!!!
b) \(\dfrac{\left(x-1\right)^2}{3}+\dfrac{\left(x+3\right)^2}{6}=\dfrac{\left(x-2\right)\left(x+1\right)}{2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{x^2-2x+1}{3}+\dfrac{x^2+6x+9}{6}=\dfrac{x^2+x-2x-2}{2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{x^2-2x+1}{3.2}+\dfrac{x^2+6x+9}{6}=\dfrac{x^2-x-2}{2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{\left(x^2-2x+1\right)2}{3.2}+\dfrac{x^2+6x+9}{6}=\dfrac{\left(x^2-x-2\right)3}{2.3}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{2x^2-4x+2}{6}+\dfrac{x^2+6+9}{6}=\dfrac{3x^2-3x-6}{6}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2x^2-4x+2+x^2+6x+9=3x^2-3x-6\)
\(\Leftrightarrow3x^2+2x+11=3x^2-3x-6\)
\(\Leftrightarrow3x^2+2x-3x+3x=-6-11\)
\(\Leftrightarrow5x=-17\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{-17}{5}\)
Vậy phương trình trên có nghiệm là \(x=\dfrac{-17}{5}\)
Chúc bạn học tốt!!!
Bài 1:
a). Ta có: a < b
=> -6a > -6b
mà 3 > 1
=> \(3-6a>1-6b\)
b)
Ta có: a < b
=> a - 2 < b - 2
=> \(7\left(a-2\right)< 7\left(b-2\right)\)
c)
Ta có: a < b
=> -2a > -2b
=> 1 - 2a > 1 - 2b
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{1-2a}{3}>\dfrac{1-2b}{3}\)
Bài 2:
a) Ta có:
a+23<b+23
\(\Leftrightarrow a< b\)
b) Ta có:
\(-12a>-12b\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a< b\)
c) Ta có:
\(5a-6\ge5b-6\)
\(a\ge b\)
d) Ta có:
\(\dfrac{-2a+3}{5}\le\dfrac{-2b+3}{5}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-2a+3\le-2b+3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a\ge b\)