Hãy nhập câu hỏi của bạn vào đây, nếu là tài khoản VIP, bạn sẽ được ưu tiên trả lời.
Xét hiệu:
a3+b3+c3-3abc=a3+3a2b+3ab2+b3+c3-3a2b-3ab2-3abc
=(a+b)3+c3-3ab.(a+b+c)
=(a+b+c)[(a+b)2-(a+b).c+c2]-3ab.(a+b+c)
=(a+b+c)(a2+2ab+b2-ac-bc+c2)-3ab.(a+b+c)
=(a+b+c)(a2+2ab+b2-ac-bc+c2-3ab)
=(a+b+c)(a2-ab+b2-ac-bc+c2)
ta lại có:
2.(a2-ab+b2-ac-bc+c2)
=2a2-2ab+2b2-2ac-2bc+2c2
=a2-2ab+b2+b2-2bc+c2+a2-2ac+c2
=(a-b)2+(b-c)2+(a-c)2\(\ge\)0 với mọi a,b,c
=>2.(a2-ab+b2-ac-bc+c2)\(\ge\)0
<=>a2-ab+b2-ac-bc+c2\(\ge\)0
ta có thêm a,b,c\(\ge\)0
=>(a+b+c)(a2-ab+b2-ac-bc+c2)\(\ge\)0 với mọi a,b,c
=>a3+b3+c3-3abc\(\ge\)0
<=>a3+b3+c3\(\ge\)3abc
Lắm bạn hỏi câu này quá mình giải 1 câu sau các bạn vào câu hỏi tương tự nha
Xét Hiệu : a^3 + b^3 + c^3 - 3abc
= ( a + b )^3 - 3ab(a+b) - 3abc + c^3
= ( a + b + c )^3 - 3 ( a+ b ).c ( a + b + c ) - 3ab ( a + b+ c )
= ( a + b + c )^3 - 3(a+b+c)( ac+ bc + ab )
= ( a+ b+ c )[ ( a + b + c )^2 - 3ab - 3ac - 3bc )
= ( a+ b + c )( a^2 + b^2 + c^2 + 2ab + 2bc + 2ca - 3ac - 3bc - 3ab )
=(a+ b+ c )( a^2 + b^2 + c^2 - ab - bc - ac )
= 2 ( a + b +c )(2a^2 + 2b^2 + 2c^2 - 2ab- 2bc- 2ac )
= 2 (a+b+c) [ a^2 - 2ab + b^2 + c^2 - 2bc + b^2 + a^2 - 2ac + c^2 )]
= 2 ( a+ b + c )[ ( a - b)^2 + ( c- b)^2 + ( c -a )^2 ] >=0 vì :
a ; b; c >0 => a+ b+ c >= 0
( a- b)^2 >=0
( b- c )^2 >=0
( c-a )^2 >=0
=> ( a -b )^2 + ( b- c)^2 + ( c- a)^2 >=0
=> a^3 +b^3 + c^3 - 3abc >=0
=> a^3 + b^3 + c^3 >= 3abc => ĐPCM
a) Áp dụng bất đẳng thức Schur với \(r=1\)
\(\Rightarrow a^3+b^3+c^3+3abc\ge a^2b+ab^2+b^2c+bc^2+c^2a+ca^2\)
\(\Rightarrow3abc\ge a^2b+ca^2-a^3+ab^2+b^2c-b^3+c^2a+bc^2-c^3\)
\(\Rightarrow3abc\ge a^2\left(b+c-a\right)+b^2\left(a+c-b\right)+c^2\left(a+b-c\right)\) ( đpcm )
Dấu " = " xảy ra khi \(a=b=c\)
b) Áp dụng bất đẳng thức Cauchy - Schwarz
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{a^3}{b^2}+b+b\ge3\sqrt[3]{\dfrac{a^3}{b^2}.b^2}=3a\)
Tương tự ta có \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{b^3}{c^2}+c+c\ge3b\\\dfrac{c^3}{a^2}+a+a\ge3c\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{a^3}{b^2}+\dfrac{b^3}{c^2}+\dfrac{c^3}{a^2}+2\left(a+b+c\right)\ge3\left(a+b+c\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{a^3}{b^2}+\dfrac{b^3}{c^2}+\dfrac{c^3}{a^2}\ge a+b+c\) ( đpcm )
Dấu " = " xảy ra khi \(a=b=c\)
c) Ta có \(abc=ab+bc+ca\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}=1\)
Áp dụng bất đẳng thức \(\dfrac{1}{a+b}\le\dfrac{1}{4}\left(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}\right)\) với a , b > 0
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{1}{a+2b+3c}=\dfrac{1}{a+c+2\left(b+c\right)}\le\dfrac{1}{4}\left[\dfrac{1}{a+c}+\dfrac{1}{2\left(b+c\right)}\right]\)
Tương tự ta có \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{1}{b+2c+3a}\le\dfrac{1}{4}\left[\dfrac{1}{a+b}+\dfrac{1}{2\left(a+c\right)}\right]\\\dfrac{1}{c+2a+3b}\le\dfrac{1}{4}\left[\dfrac{1}{b+c}+\dfrac{1}{2\left(a+b\right)}\right]\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow VT\le\dfrac{1}{4}\left[\dfrac{3}{2}\left(\dfrac{1}{a+b}+\dfrac{1}{b+c}+\dfrac{1}{c+a}\right)\right]\)
\(\Rightarrow VT\le\dfrac{3}{8}\left(\dfrac{1}{a+b}+\dfrac{1}{b+c}+\dfrac{1}{c+a}\right)\) ( 1 )
Áp dụng bất đẳng thức \(\dfrac{1}{a+b}\le\dfrac{1}{4}\left(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}\right)\) với a , b > 0
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{1}{a+b}\le\dfrac{1}{4}\left(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}\right)\)
Tượng tự ta có \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{1}{b+c}\le\dfrac{1}{4}\left(\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}\right)\\\dfrac{1}{c+a}\le\dfrac{1}{4}\left(\dfrac{1}{c}+\dfrac{1}{a}\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{3}{8}\left(\dfrac{1}{a+b}+\dfrac{1}{b+c}+\dfrac{1}{c+a}\right)\le\dfrac{3}{8}\left[\dfrac{1}{4}\left(\dfrac{2}{a}+\dfrac{2}{b}+\dfrac{2}{c}\right)\right]\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{3}{8}\left(\dfrac{1}{a+b}+\dfrac{1}{b+c}+\dfrac{1}{c+a}\right)\le\dfrac{3}{8}\left[\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}\right)\right]\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{3}{8}\left(\dfrac{1}{a+b}+\dfrac{1}{b+c}+\dfrac{1}{c+a}\right)\le\dfrac{3}{16}\) ( 2 )
Từ ( 1 ) và ( 2 )
\(\Rightarrow VT\le\dfrac{3}{16}\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{1}{a+2b+3c}+\dfrac{1}{b+2c+3a}+\dfrac{1}{c+2a+3b}\le\dfrac{3}{16}\) ( đpcm )
1) Có: \(a+b+c=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a+b=-c\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b\right)^3=-c^3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^3+b^3+3ab\left(a+b\right)=-c^3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^3+b^3-3abc=-c^3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^3+b^3+c^3=3abc\)
2)Có: \(a+b-c=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a+b=c\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b\right)^3=c^3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^3+b^3+3ab\left(a+b\right)=c^3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^3+b^3+3abc=c^3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^3+b^3-c^3=-3abc\)
b) \(\left(a+b+c\right)^2=3\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2+b^2+c^2-ab-bc-ca=0\) (chuyển vế qua)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{2}\left[\left(a-b\right)^2+\left(b-c\right)^2+\left(c-a\right)^2\right]=0\)
Do VP >=0 với mọi a, b, c. Nên để đăng thức xảy ra thì a = b = c
Ta có:
a3 + b3 + c3 - 3abc
= (a + b)3 + c3 - 3ab(a + b) - 3abc
= (a + b + c)3 - 3(a + b)c(a + b + c) - 3ab(a + b + c)
= (a + b + c)[(a + b + c)2 - 3(a + b)c - 3ab]
= (a + b + c)(a2 + b2 + c2 + 2ab + 2bc + 2ac - 3ac - 3bc - 3ab)
= (a + b + c)(a2 + b2 + c2 - ab - bc - ac) = 3abc - 3abc = 0
=> a + b + c = 0 hay a2 + b2 + c2 - ab - bc - ac = 0
I => 2(a2 + b2 + c2 - ab - bc - ac) = 0
I => 2a2 + 2b2 + 2c2 - 2ab - 2bc - 2ac = 0
I => (a - b)2 + (b - c)2 + (a - c)2 = 0
I => a - b = 0 hay b - c = 0 hay a - c = 0
I => a = b I => b = c I => a = c
I => a = b = c
a + b + c = 0 => a + b = -c
=>(a + b)3 = (-c)3
=>a3 + b3 +3a2b + 3ab2 = (-c)3
=>a3 + b3 + c3 +3ab(a + b) = 0
=>a3 + b3 + c3 = 3abc
\(A=a^3+b^3+c^3-3abc\)\(=\left(a^3+b^3\right)+c^3-3abc\)
\(=\left(a+b\right)^3-3ab\left(a+b\right)+c^3-3abc\)
\(=\left(a+b\right)^3+c^3-3ab\left(a+b\right)-3abc\)
\(=\left(a+b+c\right)\left[\left(a+b\right)^2-\left(a+b\right)c+c^2\right]-3ab\left(a+b+c\right)\)
\(=\left(a+b+c\right)\left(a^2+2ab+b^2-ac-bc+c^2-3ab\right)\)
\(=\left(a+b+c\right)\left(a^2+b^2+c^2-ab-bc-ac\right)\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{2}\left(a+b+c\right)\left(2a^2+2b^2+2c^2-2ab-2bc-2ac\right)\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{2}\left(a+b+c\right)\left[\left(a^2-2ab+b^2\right)+\left(b^2-2bc+c^2\right)+\left(c^2-2ac+c^2\right)\right]\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{2}\left(a+b+c\right)\left[\left(a-b\right)^2+\left(b-c\right)^2+\left(c-a\right)^2\right]\)
Dế thấy: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a+b+c>0\\\left(a-b\right)^2+\left(b-c\right)^2+\left(c-a\right)^2>0\end{matrix}\right.\)(do a,b,c là 3 số dương khác nhau đôi một)
\(A=\dfrac{1}{2}\left(a+b+c\right)\left[\left(a-b\right)^2+\left(b-c\right)^2+\left(c-a\right)^2\right]>0\)
a+b+c=0
=>(a+b+c)3=0
=>a3+b3+c3+3a2b+3ab2+3b2c+3bc2+3a2c+3ac2+6abc=0
=>a3+b3+c3+(3a2b+3ab2+3abc)+(3b2c+3bc2+3abc)+(3a2c+3ac2+3abc)-3abc=0
=>a3+b3+c3+3ab(a+b+c)+3bc(a+b+c)+3ac(a+b+c)=3abc
Do a+b+c=0
=>a3+b3+c3=3abc(ĐPCM)
Theo đề ta có:
a+b+c=0 => c=-(a+b) (1)
Thay (1) vao a^3+b^3+c^3 ta có:
a^3+b^3+[-(a+b)]^3=3ab[-(a+b)]
<=>a^3+b^3-(a+b)=-3ab(a+b)
<=> a3+ b3- a3 -3a2b- 3ab2- b3= -3a2b- 3ab2
<=> 0= 0
vậy ta có đpcm.
\(a+b+c=0\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b+c\right)\left(a^2+b^2+c^2-ab-ac-bc\right)=0\)=0
\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(a^3+ab^2+ac^2-a^2b-a^2c-abc+a^2b+b^3+bc^2-ab^2-\)
\(abc-b^2c+ca^2+bc^2+c^3-abc-ac^2-bc^2\)=0
\(\Leftrightarrow a^3+b^3+c^3-3abc=0\Leftrightarrow a^3+b^3-3abc=-c^3\)
bạn thử tra mạng đi