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Gọi \(n_{Fe}=x\left(mol\right)\)\(;n_{Zn}=y\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{6,72}{22,4}=0,3mol\)
Ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}56x+65y=18,6\\2x+2y=2n_{H_2}=0,6\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,1\\y=0,2\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\%m_{Fe}=\dfrac{0,1\cdot56}{18,6}\cdot100\%=30,11\%\)
\(\%m_{Zn}=100\%-30,11\%=69,89\%\)
\(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\)
0,1 0,2
\(Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\)
0,2 0,4
\(n_{HCl}=0,2+0,4=0,6mol\)
\(C_M=\dfrac{n}{V}=\dfrac{0,6}{0,2}=3M\)
a)
$Zn + H_2SO_4 \to ZnSO_4 + H_2$
Theo PTHH :
$n_{H_2} = n_{Zn} = \dfrac{6,5}{65} = 0,1(mol)$
$V_{H_2} = 0,1.22,4 = 2,24(lít)$
b) $n_{H_2SO_4} = n_{Zn} = 0,1(mol)$
$V_{dd\ H_2SO_4} = \dfrac{0,1}{1} = 0,1(lít)$
c) $n_{ZnSO_4} = 0,1(mol) \Rightarrow m_{ZnSO_4} = 0,1.161 = 16,1(gam)$
d) $C_{M_{ZnSO_4}} = \dfrac{0,1}{0,1} = 1M$
a, \(CuO+2HCl\rightarrow CuCl_2+H_2O\)
b, \(n_{HCl}=0,2.0,5=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{CuO}=n_{CuCl_2}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{HCl}=0,05\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{CuO}=0,05.80=4\left(g\right)\)
c, \(C_{M_{CuCl_2}}=\dfrac{0,05}{0,2}=0,25\left(M\right)\)
\(n_{HCl}=0,2.0,5=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH :
\(CuO+2HCl\rightarrow CuCl_2+H_2O\)
0,05 0,1 0,05
\(b,m_{CuO}=0,05.80=4\left(g\right)\)
\(c,C_{M\left(CuCl_2\right)}=\dfrac{0,05}{0,2}=0,25\left(M\right)\)
PTHH: \(Zn+H_2SO_4\rightarrow ZnSO_4+H_2\uparrow\)
\(Fe_2O_3+3H_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2Fe+3H_2O\)
a+b) Ta có: \(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{19,5}{65}=0,3\left(mol\right)=n_{H_2SO_4}=n_{ZnSO_4}\)
\(\Rightarrow C_{M_{H_2SO_4}}=\dfrac{0,3}{0,2}=1,5\left(M\right)=C_{M_{ZnSO_4}}\)
c) Theo PTHH: \(n_{H_2}=n_{Zn}=0,3mol\) \(\Rightarrow V_{H_2}=0,3\cdot22,4=6,72\left(l\right)\)
d) Theo PTHH: \(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{2}{3}n_{H_2}=0,2mol\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{Fe}=0,2\cdot56=11,2\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{3,36}{22,4}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH :
\(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\uparrow\)
0,15 0,3 0,15 0,15
\(Fe_2O_3+6HCl\rightarrow2FeCl_3+3H_2O\)
0,1 0,6 0,2 0,3
\(m_{Fe}=0,15.56=8,4\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{Fe_2O_3}=15-8,4=6,6\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{Fe_2O_3}=\dfrac{16}{160}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(C_{M\left(HCl\right)}=\dfrac{0,3+0,6}{0,05}=18\left(M\right)\)
\(FeCl_2+2NaOH\rightarrow Fe\left(OH\right)_2+2NaCl\)
0,35 0,35
\(m_{Fe\left(OH\right)_2}=0,35.90=31,5\left(g\right)\)
PTHH\(Na_2CO_3+2HCl\rightarrow2NaCl+H_2O+CO_2\)
tl............1................2.............2.............1.............1..(mol
br 0,1.................0,2......................................0,1(mol)
NaCl không phản ứng đc vsHCl
b)\(n_{CO_2}=\dfrac{2,24}{22,4}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(C_{MHCl}=\dfrac{0,2}{0,4}=0,5\left(M\right)\)(đổi 400ml=0,4(l))
c)\(Tacom_{Na_2CO_3}=0,1.106=10,6\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\%m_{Na_2CO_3}=\dfrac{10,6}{20}.100=53\%\)
\(\Rightarrow\%mNaCl=100\%-53\%=47\%\)
PTHH.Zn+ H2SO4 -> ZnSO4 + H2
Theo bài ra ta có: nZn = 13/65 = 0,2 mol
Theo pthh và bài ta có:
+) nH2SO4 = nZn = 0,2 mol
=> mH2SO4 = 0,2 . 98 = 19,6 g
=> mdd H2SO4 = (19,6 . 100%) : 20% = 98%
+)nH2 = nZn = 0,2 mol
=> VH2 = 0,2 . 22,4 = 4,48 l
Vậy...
2) PTHH: Fe2O3 + 3H2SO4 -> Fe2(SO4)3 + 3H2O
Theo bài ra ta có: nFe2O3 = 24/160 = 0,15 mol
nH2SO4 = 2,5 . 0,2 = 0,5 mol
Theo pthh ta có: nFe2O3 pt = 1 mol ; nH2SO4 pt = 3 mol
Ta có tỉ lệ:
\(\dfrac{nFe2O3\left(bđ\right)}{nFe2O3\left(pt\right)}=\dfrac{0,15}{1}=0,15\)< \(\dfrac{nH2SO4\left(bđ\right)}{nH2SO4\left(pt\right)}=\dfrac{0,5}{3}=0,16\)
=> Sau pư, Fe2O3 tg pư hết , H2SO4 còn dư
Theo pthh và bài ta có:
+nFe2(SO4)3 = nFe2O3 = 0,15 mol
=>mFe2(SO4)3 = 0,15 . 400 = 60 g
CM dd Fe2(SO4)3 = \(\dfrac{0,15}{0,2}=0,75\)(M)
+nH2SO4 tg pư = 3. nFe2O3 = 3. 0,15 = 0,45 mol
=> nH2SO4 dư = 0,5 - 0,45 = 0,05 mol
=> CM dd H2SO4 dư = \(\dfrac{0,05}{0,2}=0,25\left(M\right)\)
Vậy....