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1. He thinks Chinese is (difficult)__the most difficult_ language in the world
2. Cats are not (intelligent)__as intelligent_ as dog.
3. Who is (talkative)__the most talkative __ person in your family?
4. A cut is (painful)_more painful__ than an insect bite.
5. Apartmentsare usually (cheap)_cheaper__ than separate houses.
6. A tumour is (bad)_the worst __ of all diseases.
7. A man is normally (strong)_stronger__ than a woman.
8. Fruit and vegetables are (healthy)__healthier_ than fast food.
9. Fish is one of (nutritious)__the most nutritious_ food possible.
10. Non-smokers usually live (long)__longer_ than smokers.
11. Which is the (dangerous)__most dangerous_ animal in the world?
Make one sentence from two.Use who/which.
2.A man told me you were away.He answered the phone.
=> A man who answered the phone told me you were away.
3.A waitress was very impolite and impatient She served us.
=> A waitress who served us was very impolite and impatient.
4.A building was destroyed in the fire.It has now been rebuilt.
=> A building which has now been rebuilt was destroyed in the fire.
5.A bus goes to the airport.It runs every half hour.
=> A bus which runs every half hour goes to the airport.
6.I saw the man.he closed the door.
=> I saw who closed the door the man.
7.the girl is happy.she won the race.
=> The girl who won the race is happy.
8.the student is from china .He sits next to me.
=> The student who sits next to me is from china.
9.we are studying sentence .They contain adjective clauses.
=> We are studying sentence which contain adjective clauses.
10.the taxi driver was friendly .he took me to the airport.
=> The taxi driver who took me to the airport was friendly .
11.the woman was polite.she answered the phone.
=> The woman who answered the phone was polite.
12.the man has a good voice.he sang at the concert.
=> The man who sang at the concerthas a good voice.
13.we enjoyed the actors.they played the leading roles.
=> We enjoyed the actors who played the leading roles.
14.the girl is hurt .shr fell down the stairs.
=> The girl who fell down the stairs is hurt .
4.A building was destroyed in the fire.It has now been rebuilt.
=> A building which was destroyed in the fire has now been rebuilt.
5.A bus goes to the airport.It runs every half hour.
=> THE bus which goes to the airport runs every half hour .
6.I saw the man.he closed the door.
=> I saw the man who closed the door.
Wild animals (and wild plants) and the wild places where they live are seriously threatened almost everywhere. One species has become extinct in each year of this century. But many hundreds are now in danger. Lack of attention would lead to the rapid advance of the process of extinction.
Already many kinds of wild animals have been so reduced in number that their role in the ecosystem is forgotten. Animals like the great apes, the whales, seals etc. thought to be in danger of extinction.
But even more important, perhaps than individual kinds of animals and plants, whole habitats are in danger of vanishing: marshes are being drained, and the world forests, especially tropical forests are being cut down to satisfy man’s needs of timber and paper.
What would our world be like if all the wild animals and wild plants vanished? - Would our life still exist then?
1. What would happen to the human beings if the wild life vanished?
A. Many species would quickly become extinct.
B. The human life would be seriously threatened.
C. Species would go on dying out.
D. Tropical forests would be cut down.
2. What is more important than individual kinds of animals and plants?
A. the vanishing of whole habitats. B. the extinction of many species.
D. man’s need of timber and paper. C. the rapid advance of the process of extinction.
3. What does the writer caution us against?
A. cutting down the tropical forests. B. hunting wild animals.
C. draining marshes. D. destroying our environment.
4. What would happen if we cut down forests?
Cutting down forests would cause ……………..
A. the changes of temperature. B. the flood
C. both A and B are correct. D. none are correct.
5. “To threaten” in the passage means …………..
A. to pollute B. to give fear to C. to vanish D. to poison
Exercise1: Using Present participle phrase to combine each pair of sentences into one.
1. Who saw the boy? He swam in the pool two hours ago.
Who saw the boy swimming in the pool two hours ago?
2. The man is a clown. He is trying to stand on a ball.
The man trying to stand on a ball is a clown
3. The envelope has no stamp on it. It lies on the table.
The envelope lying on the table has no stamp on it
4. My grandmother is old and sick. She never goes out of the house.
My grandmother never going out of the house is old and sick
5. The street is very wide. It leads to the school.
The street leading to the school is very wide
6. Mr. John is my friend. He teaches my son English.
Mr. John teaching my son English is my friend
7. The students are sitting for the exam. They are from Singapore.
The students from Singapore. are sitting for the exam
8. The fence surrounds our house. It is made of wood.
The fence surrounding our house is made of wood
9.The man works in this hospital. He can speak three foreign languages.
The man working in this hospital can speak three foreign languages.
10.A bus goes to the airport. It runs every half an hour.
A bus going to the airport runs every half an hour.
Exercise2: Using Past participle phrase to combine each pair of sentences into one.
1. We are driving on the road. It was built in 2000
We are driving on the road built in 2000
2. The vegetables are sold in this shop. They are grown without chemicals. ……
The vegetables grown without chemicals are sold in this shop
3. The energy is radiated by the sun. It can boil water and run machines.
The energy radiated by the sun can boil water and run machines.
4. Flowers are grown in Dalat. We exported them to foreign countries.
We exported Flowers grown in Dalat to foreign countries.
5. Cars are made in Korea. They are cheap and beautiful.
Cars made in Korea are cheap and beautiful.
6. “The Old Man and the Sea” was written by Hemingway. It is very interesting.
“The Old Man and the Sea” written by Hemingway is very interesting.
7. Penicillin has saved the lives of millions. It was discovered by Dr. Fleming.
Penicillin discovered by Dr. Fleming has saved the lives of millions
8. Rome, Paris and London are big cities. They are visited every year by millions of tourists.
Rome, Paris and London visited every year by millions of tourists are big cities
9. The Great Wall of China was built over 2,000 years ago. It is now one of the seven wonders of the world.
The Great Wall of China built over 2,000 years ago is now one of the seven wonders of the world.
10.The boy was taken to the hospital. He was injured in the accident
The boy injured in the accident was taken to the hospital
Exercise3: Using Present participle phrase or Past participle phrase to combine each pair of sentences into one.
1. The baby is crying for his mother. He is lying in the baby carriage.
The baby lying in the baby carriage is crying for his mother
2. The singer is Trong Tan. He is singing on the television
The singer singing on the television is Trong Tan.
3. The pottery vase is 100,000 dong. It is made in Bat Trang.
The pottery vase made in Bat Trang is 100,000 dong
4. The road is very narrow. It joins the two villages
The road joining the two villages is very narrow
5. Do you know the woman? The woman is talking to Sally
Do you know the woman talking to Sally?
6. The window has been repaired. It was broken last night.
The window broken last night. has been repaired
8. A bridge has been declared unsafe. It was built only two years ago.
A bridge built only two years ago has been declared unsafe
9. People don’t want to use the goods. They are produced in China.
People don’t want to use the goods produced in China.
10.The students are planting trees along the streets. They are volunteers.
The students planting trees along the streets are volunteers.
11.The book is about the boy. He ran away from the orphanage
The book is about the boy running away from the orphanage
12.Trinh Cong Son composed songs. They are greatly liked by millions of Vietnamese people.
Trinh Cong Son composed songs greatly liked by millions of Vietnamese people.
13. The little boy lost his way. He is crying over there.
The little boy crying over there. lost his way
14.The river is Saigon River. It flows through Ho Chi Minh City15. The paintings were stolen from the museum. They haven’t been found yet.
The river flowing through Ho Chi Minh City is Saigon River
The paintings stolen from the museum haven’t been found yet.
Use a relative pronoun or relative adverb to combine each pair or sentences below
1: tom has three sister. All of them are married
-> tom has three sisters, all of whom are married
2: i recently went back to Paris. It is still as beatiful as a peal
-> i recently went back to Paris, which is still as beatiful as a pearl
3: i recently went back to Paris. I was born in Paris nealy 50 years ago
-> i recently went back to Paris where I was born nealy 50 years ago4: she is the most intelligent woman. I have ever met this woman
-> she is the most intelligent woman I have ever met
5: This doctor is famous. You visited him yesterday
-> This doctor whom you visited yesterday is famous
6: Do you know the music? It is being phayed on the radio
-> Do you know the music which is being played on the radio ?
7: The polie want to know the hotel. Mr Foster stayed there two weeks ago
-> The police want to know the hotel where Mr Foster stayed two weeks ago
8: Yoy did not tell us the reason. We have to cut down our daily expenses for that reason
-> You did not tell us the reason why we have to cut down our daily expenses
9: The day was rainy. She left on that day
-> The day when she left was rainy
10: The reason has not been told yet. The president will come to that city for this reason
-> The reason why the president will come to that city has not been told yet
11: Phuong Thao is a singer. You like her music best
-> Phuong Thao, whose music you like best, is a singer
12: she coudn't come to the party. This is a pity
-> she coudn't come to the party, which was a pity
13: that man is a artist. I do not remember the man is name
-> That man whose name I don't remember is an artist
1/ An agreement has been signed to protect the forests which are being cut down all over the world.
-> An agreement has been signed to protect the forests being cut down all over the world
2/ The man who is carrying the baag. He is Mr.John.
-> The man carrying the bag is Mr.John
* Note: Đây đều là phần kiến thức rút gon mệnh đề quan hệ cụ thể trong 2 câu trên nó là rút cụm " Đại từ QH + tobe+ V_ing " thành dạng ko còn Đại từ QH thày vào đó là V đưa về dạng V_ing nếu là chủ động và V_pp nếu bị động